Department of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, 50829 Cologne, Germany.
Department of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, 50829 Cologne, Germany; Department of Algorithmic Bioinformatics, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, 50829 Cologne, Germany.
Cell Host Microbe. 2015 May 13;17(5):603-16. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2015.04.009.
Plants and animals each have evolved specialized organs dedicated to nutrient acquisition, and these harbor specific bacterial communities that extend the host's metabolic repertoire. Similar forces driving microbial community establishment in the gut and plant roots include diet/soil-type, host genotype, and immune system as well as microbe-microbe interactions. Here we show that there is no overlap of abundant bacterial taxa between the microbiotas of the mammalian gut and plant roots, whereas taxa overlap does exist between fish gut and plant root communities. A comparison of root and gut microbiota composition in multiple host species belonging to the same evolutionary lineage reveals host phylogenetic signals in both eukaryotic kingdoms. The reasons underlying striking differences in microbiota composition in independently evolved, yet functionally related, organs in plants and animals remain unclear but might include differences in start inoculum and niche-specific factors such as oxygen levels, temperature, pH, and organic carbon availability.
动植物各自进化出了专门的器官来获取营养，这些器官携带着特定的细菌群落，从而扩展了宿主的代谢谱。在肠道和植物根系中，同样的力量也推动了微生物群落的建立，包括饮食/土壤类型、宿主基因型和免疫系统，以及微生物-微生物相互作用。在这里，我们表明，哺乳动物肠道和植物根系中的微生物群落之间没有丰富的细菌分类群重叠，而鱼类肠道和植物根系群落之间存在分类群重叠。在同一进化谱系中属于多个宿主物种的根际和肠道微生物群落的组成比较显示，真核生物王国中存在宿主系统发育信号。在植物和动物中，独立进化但功能相关的器官中微生物群落组成存在显著差异的原因尚不清楚，但可能包括起始接种物和特定生境因素（如氧气水平、温度、pH 值和有机碳可用性）的差异。
