Evans Sharon S, Repasky Elizabeth A, Fisher Daniel T
Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm &Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA.
Nat Rev Immunol. 2015 Jun;15(6):335-49. doi: 10.1038/nri3843. Epub 2015 May 15.
Fever is a cardinal response to infection that has been conserved in warm-blooded and cold-blooded vertebrates for more than 600 million years of evolution. The fever response is executed by integrated physiological and neuronal circuitry and confers a survival benefit during infection. In this Review, we discuss our current understanding of how the inflammatory cues delivered by the thermal element of fever stimulate innate and adaptive immune responses. We further highlight the unexpected multiplicity of roles of the pyrogenic cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6), both during fever induction and during the mobilization of lymphocytes to the lymphoid organs that are the staging ground for immune defence. We also discuss the emerging evidence suggesting that the adrenergic signalling pathways associated with thermogenesis shape immune cell function.
发热是对感染的一种主要反应，在温血和冷血脊椎动物中经过6亿多年的进化一直保留下来。发热反应是由整合的生理和神经回路执行的，并在感染期间赋予生存优势。在本综述中，我们讨论了我们目前对发热的热因素所传递的炎症信号如何刺激先天性和适应性免疫反应的理解。我们进一步强调了致热细胞因子白细胞介素-6（IL-6）在发热诱导期间以及在淋巴细胞向作为免疫防御集结地的淋巴器官动员过程中意想不到的多种作用。我们还讨论了新出现的证据，这些证据表明与产热相关的肾上腺素能信号通路塑造了免疫细胞功能。
