Jurádo-Gámez B, Guglielmi O, Gude F, Buela-Casal G
Unidad del Sueño, Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, España; Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, España.
Laboratorio de Psicofisiología, Centro de Investigación Mente, Cerebro y Comportamiento (CIMCYC), Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Granada, Granada, España.
Neurologia. 2016 Jun;31(5):311-8. doi: 10.1016/j.nrl.2015.03.002. Epub 2015 May 11.
Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) has numerous implications for health and can affect neurocognitive functions in patients.
To evaluate the neuropsychological functions most affected by OSAS, the factors associated with OSAS severity that are related to those functional limitations, and the effect of therapy with continuous positive airway pressure.
The sample consisted of 60 participants: 30 patients diagnosed with OSAS (clinical group) and 30 people without the disorder (control group). Memory, intellectual processes, and attention were analysed with selected subtests from the Luria-Nebraska neuropsychological battery (immediate memory, logical memory, intellectual processes, and attentional control subtests).
Patients obtained significantly lower scores than controls in most of the areas evaluated. Associations were identified between subjective sleep quality and conceptual activity (r=-0.279; P<.05) and attentional control (r=-0.392; P<.01); between oxygen saturation and both immediate memory (r=0.296; P<.05) and thematic drawings (r=0.318; P<.05); and between apnoea-hypopnoea index and immediate memory (r=-0.303; P<.05), logical memory (r=-0.359; P<.01), and thematic drawings (r=-0.302; P<.05). Continuous positive airway pressure was shown to be effective (P=.03) only for improving immediate memory in patients with OSAS.
Patients with severe OSAS showed memory and attentional limitations, associated with poorer quality of sleep and with worst AHI and SaO2 mean. The CPAP use improved memory of the patients evaluated.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）对健康有诸多影响，可影响患者的神经认知功能。
评估受OSAS影响最严重的神经心理功能、与OSAS严重程度相关且与这些功能受限有关的因素，以及持续气道正压通气治疗的效果。
样本包括60名参与者：30名被诊断为OSAS的患者（临床组）和30名无该疾病的人（对照组）。使用卢里亚 - 内布拉斯加神经心理成套测验中的选定子测验（即时记忆、逻辑记忆、智力过程和注意力控制子测验）分析记忆、智力过程和注意力。
在大多数评估领域，患者的得分显著低于对照组。主观睡眠质量与概念活动（r = -0.279；P <.05）和注意力控制（r = -0.392；P <.01）之间存在关联；血氧饱和度与即时记忆（r = 0.296；P <.05）和主题绘图（r = 0.318；P <.05）之间存在关联；呼吸暂停低通气指数与即时记忆（r = -0.303；P <.05）、逻辑记忆（r = -0.359；P <.01）和主题绘图（r = -0.302；P <.05）之间存在关联。持续气道正压通气仅对改善OSAS患者的即时记忆有效（P =.03）。
重度OSAS患者存在记忆和注意力受限，与较差的睡眠质量以及最差的平均呼吸暂停低通气指数和血氧饱和度相关。使用持续气道正压通气改善了所评估患者的记忆。
