Bukowski Henryk, Samson Dana
a Psychological Sciences Research Institute , Université catholique de Louvain , Louvain-La-Neuve , Belgium.
b Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Unit, Department of Basic Psychological Research and Research Methods, Faculty of Psychology , University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria.
Cogn Neurosci. 2016 Jan-Oct;7(1-4):182-91. doi: 10.1080/17588928.2015.1043879. Epub 2015 May 15.
Emotions and perspective-taking are ubiquitous in our daily social interactions, but little is known about the relation between the two. This study examined whether and how emotions can influence even the most basic forms of perspective-taking. Experiment 1 showed that guilt made participants more other-centered in a simple visual perspective-taking task while anger tended to make them more self-centered. These two emotions had, however, no effect on the ability to handle conflicting perspectives. Since the guilt induction method used in Experiment 1 also induced feelings of self-incompetence and shame, Experiment 2 aimed at isolating the effects of these concomitant feelings. Self-incompetence/shame reduced participants' ability to handle conflicting perspectives but did not influence attention allocation. In sum, these results highlight that emotions can affect even the simplest form of perspective-taking and that such influence can be brought about by the modulation of different cognitive mechanisms.
情感与换位思考在我们日常的社交互动中无处不在，但对于二者之间的关系却知之甚少。本研究探讨了情感是否以及如何能够影响甚至是最基本形式的换位思考。实验1表明，在一项简单的视觉换位思考任务中，内疚感会使参与者更以他人为中心，而愤怒则往往使他们更以自我为中心。然而，这两种情绪对处理相互冲突观点的能力没有影响。由于实验1中使用的内疚诱导方法也引发了自我无能感和羞耻感，实验2旨在分离这些伴随情绪的影响。自我无能感/羞耻感降低了参与者处理相互冲突观点的能力，但并未影响注意力分配。总之，这些结果表明，情感甚至可以影响最简单形式的换位思考，而且这种影响可能是由不同认知机制的调节所导致的。
