Clump David A, Bauman Julie E, Ferris Robert L
Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA.
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA.
Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2015 Jul;24(3):509-20. doi: 10.1016/j.soc.2015.03.014. Epub 2015 Apr 15.
The oropharynx has a crucial role in swallowing because of the surrounding constrictor musculature, need for mobility and pliability, and proximity of the base of tongue to the larynx. Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection as a cause of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma has increased dramatically in proportion and overall numbers of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma cases. Better clinical response to therapy and younger age of the HPV+ oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients have caused functional and quality-of-life considerations to become more important endpoints in evaluating efficacy of therapeutic options; "deintensification" to ameliorate toxicity is under investigation for this population.
由于周围的缩肌组织、对活动度和柔韧性的需求以及舌根与喉部的接近程度，口咽在吞咽过程中起着关键作用。人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染作为口咽鳞状细胞癌的一个病因，在口咽鳞状细胞癌病例的比例和总数上都有显著增加。HPV阳性口咽鳞状细胞癌患者对治疗有更好的临床反应且年龄较轻，这使得功能和生活质量考量在评估治疗方案疗效时成为更重要的终点；针对这一人群，正在研究通过“降阶梯治疗”来减轻毒性。
