Kadota Yoshito, Kawakami Takashige, Takasaki Satoshi, Sato Masao, Suzuki Shinya
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 180 Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan.
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 180 Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan.
Obes Res Clin Pract. 2016 Jan-Feb;10(1):85-93. doi: 10.1016/j.orcp.2015.04.009. Epub 2015 Jun 5.
A number of endogenous and external factors influence the development of obesity. However, the factors responsible for these differences in obesity pathogenesis between males and females are largely unknown.
We investigated the expression of 35 genes related to lipid and glucose metabolism and to receptors for insulin signaling in white adipose tissue (WAT) of 8-week-old 129/Sv mice and mice fed standard diet (STD) or high fat diet (HFD) for 35 weeks in males and females.
At 8 weeks, the expression levels of two genes for fatty acid synthesis, Acaca and Fasn, were higher in females than in males. Female mice fed a STD for 35 weeks also had higher expression levels of an additional four genes related to glucose transporters (Slc2a1 and Slc2a4) and adipokines (Adipoq and Nampt). The expression levels of these six genes were also higher in females than in males fed a HFD for 35 weeks. At 43 weeks old, the female-to-male expression ratio of these six genes was similar for the STD and HFD groups. Furthermore, glucose tolerance testing showed that the half-life for the elimination of elevated blood glucose was shorter in females than males, although blood glucose parameters were generally similar between females and males.
These findings suggest that sex and aging may cause diet-independent differences in gene expression levels in female and male mice, and that higher expression of these genes in females could contribute to higher metabolic activity and resistance to obesity compared with males.
多种内源性和外源性因素会影响肥胖的发展。然而，导致男性和女性肥胖发病机制存在这些差异的因素在很大程度上尚不清楚。
我们研究了8周龄的129/Sv小鼠以及雄性和雌性小鼠在标准饮食（STD）或高脂饮食（HFD）喂养35周后，白色脂肪组织（WAT）中35个与脂质和葡萄糖代谢以及胰岛素信号受体相关基因的表达情况。
8周时，脂肪酸合成相关的两个基因Acaca和Fasn在雌性小鼠中的表达水平高于雄性。喂食STD 35周的雌性小鼠中，另外四个与葡萄糖转运蛋白（Slc2a1和Slc2a4）和脂肪因子（Adipoq和Nampt）相关的基因表达水平也更高。在喂食HFD 35周的小鼠中，这六个基因在雌性中的表达水平同样高于雄性。在43周龄时，这六个基因在STD组和HFD组中的雌雄性表达比例相似。此外，葡萄糖耐量测试显示，尽管雌性和雄性的血糖参数总体相似，但雌性消除血糖升高的半衰期比雄性短。
这些发现表明，性别和衰老可能会导致雌性和雄性小鼠基因表达水平出现与饮食无关的差异，并且与雄性相比，这些基因在雌性中的高表达可能导致更高的代谢活性和对肥胖的抵抗力。
