膳食纤维与结直肠癌风险：一项病例对照研究。

Dietary fibre and the risk of colorectal cancer: a case- control study.

作者信息

Song Y, Liu M, Yang F G, Cui L H, Lu X Y, Chen C

机构信息

Department of Public Health, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China E-mail :

出版信息

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2015;16(9):3747-52. doi: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.9.3747.

DOI:10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.9.3747

PMID:25987032

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Colorectal cancer is one of the most commonly occurring cancers in China. Dietary fibre has been thought to decrease the risk of colorectal cancer in Western countries. However, studies investigating the association between dietary fibre (particularly soluble and insoluble fibres) and colorectal cancer have hitherto been lacking in China.

OBJECTIVE

This case-control study examined the effect of dietary fibre intake on the risk of colorectal cancer, stratified by tumour site.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The study included 265 cases (colon cancer, 105; rectal cancer, 144; colon and rectal cancer, 16) and 252 controls residing in Qingdao. A food frequency questionnaire that included 121 food items was used to collect dietary information. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using unconditional logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS

For food groups, controls in the study consumed more vegetables, soy food and total fibre than did colorectal cancer patients (p<0.05). The intakes of fruit, meat and sea-food did not differ significantly between cases and controls. However, we did not find any association between soy food intake and colon cancer. We observed inverse associations between total fibre intake and colorectal, colon and rectal cancer (Q4 vs Q1: OR=0.44, 95%CI, 0.27- 0.73; OR=0.40, 95%CI, 0.21-0.76; OR=0.52, 95%CI, 0.29-0.91). Vegetable fibre intake showed similar inverse associations (Q4 vs Q1: OR=0.51, 95%CI, 0.31-0.85; OR=0.48, 95%CI, 0.25-0.91; OR=0.53, 95%CI, 0.29-0.97). In addition, inverse associations were observed between soluble fibre and insoluble fibre and both colorectal cancer and colon cancer. No relationship was found between colorectal cancer and fruit, soy or grain fibre intakewhen the results were stratified by tumour site.

CONCLUSIONS

The present study suggests that vegetable fibre and total fibre play very important roles in protecting against colorectal cancer. Soluble and insoluble fibres were inversely associated with only colorectal cancer and colon cancer.

摘要

背景

结直肠癌是中国最常见的癌症之一。在西方国家，膳食纤维被认为可降低患结直肠癌的风险。然而，中国迄今缺乏关于膳食纤维（尤其是可溶性和不可溶性纤维）与结直肠癌之间关联的研究。

目的

本病例对照研究按肿瘤部位分层，探讨膳食纤维摄入量对结直肠癌风险的影响。

材料与方法

该研究纳入了居住在青岛的265例患者（结肠癌105例、直肠癌144例、结肠直肠癌16例）和252名对照者。使用包含121种食物的食物频率问卷收集饮食信息。采用无条件逻辑回归分析计算比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。

结果

对于食物类别，研究中的对照者比结直肠癌患者摄入更多的蔬菜、豆制品和总纤维（p<0.05）。病例组和对照组在水果、肉类和海鲜的摄入量上没有显著差异。然而，我们未发现豆制品摄入量与结肠癌之间存在任何关联。我们观察到总纤维摄入量与结直肠癌、结肠癌和直肠癌呈负相关（四分位数4与四分位数1相比：OR=0.44，95%CI为0.27 - 0.73；OR=0.40，95%CI为0.21 - 0.76；OR=0.52，95%CI为0.29 - 0.91）。蔬菜纤维摄入量也呈现类似的负相关（四分位数4与四分位数1相比：OR=0.51，95%CI为0.31 - 0.85；OR=0.48，95%CI为0.25 - 0.91；OR=0.53，95%CI为0.29 - 0.97）。此外，观察到可溶性纤维和不可溶性纤维与结直肠癌和结肠癌均呈负相关。按肿瘤部位分层时，未发现结直肠癌与水果、豆制品或谷物纤维摄入量之间存在关联。