非健康饮食指数和健康饮食指数与结直肠癌风险的关联：病例对照研究。

The association between non- and pro-healthy diet indices and the risk of colorectal cancer: a case-control study.

机构信息

Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran.

Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.

出版信息

BMC Gastroenterol. 2024 Nov 21;24(1):419. doi: 10.1186/s12876-024-03520-4.

DOI:10.1186/s12876-024-03520-4

PMID:39574017

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11580484/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The Non-Healthy Diet Index (NHDI) and the Pro-Healthy Diet Index (PHDI) are two novel indices that evaluate the healthiness of a diet based on the consumption of several food groups. This study aimed to evaluate the association between adherence to the PHDI and NHDI and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in the Iranian population.

METHODS

The current study was conducted as a hospital-based research using a case (n = 71)- matched-controls (n = 142) design in Tehran, Iran. A semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was utilized to determine participants' dietary intake after confirming the diagnosis of CRC and at the time of the interview. The PHDI-10 was employed to assess the consumption of foods with positive health effects, which is linked to the frequency of consuming 10 food groups, and the NHDI-14 was used to assess the consumption of foods that have detrimental effects on health, based on the frequency of 14 food groups. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between continuous PHDI and NHDI scores and their tertiles with CRC.

RESULTS

The results indicated that individuals in the highest tertile of the PHDI showed a lower CRC risk compared to those in the lowest tertile (adjusted model- odds ratio (OR) = 0.25; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.10-0.61; P = 0.002). Also, lower odds of CRC risk were seen with each unit change in the total score of PHDI in the adjusted model (OR = 0.86; 95% CI: 0.76-0.96; P = 0.009). In contrast, individuals in the highest tertile of the NHDI showed a higher risk of CRC compared to those in the lowest tertile (OR = 2.62; 95% CI: 1.09-6.27; P = 0.030) in the adjusted model. Also, higher odds of CRC risk were observed with each unit increase in the total score of NHDI in the adjusted model (OR = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.03-1.25; P = 0.008).

CONCLUSIONS

The present study showed that higher adherence to PHDI and NHDI is associated with lower and higher CRC risk, respectively. These results provide valuable insights into the roles of healthy and unhealthy diets in CRC prevention.

摘要

背景

非健康饮食指数（NHDI）和促进健康饮食指数（PHDI）是两种新的指数，它们基于多种食物组的消费来评估饮食的健康程度。本研究旨在评估伊朗人群中 PHDI 和 NHDI 与结直肠癌（CRC）风险之间的关联。

方法

本研究是在伊朗德黑兰进行的一项基于医院的病例对照研究（n=71）。使用半定量食物频率问卷在确认 CRC 诊断后和访谈时确定参与者的饮食摄入。采用 PHDI-10 评估 10 种具有积极健康影响的食物的消费情况，该指数与食用 10 种食物组的频率有关，采用 NHDI-14 评估 14 种对健康有害的食物的消费情况，该指数与食用 14 种食物组的频率有关。采用 logistic 回归评估连续 PHDI 和 NHDI 评分及其 tertiles 与 CRC 之间的关联。

结果

结果表明，与最低 tertile 相比，PHDI 最高 tertile 的个体 CRC 风险较低（调整后的模型-比值比（OR）=0.25；95%置信区间（CI）：0.10-0.61；P=0.002）。在调整后的模型中，PHDI 总分每变化一个单位，CRC 风险的几率也会降低（OR=0.86；95%CI：0.76-0.96；P=0.009）。相反，与最低 tertile 相比，NHDI 最高 tertile 的个体 CRC 风险较高（调整后的模型-OR=2.62；95%CI：1.09-6.27；P=0.030）。在调整后的模型中，NHDI 总分每增加一个单位，CRC 风险的几率也会增加（OR=1.13；95%CI：1.03-1.25；P=0.008）。