Teixeira Sara Reis, Elias Junior Jorge, Nogueira-Barbosa Marcello Henrique, Guimarães Marcos Duarte, Marchiori Edson, Santos Marcel Koenigkam
PhD, Attending Physician at Centro de Ciências das Imagens e Física Médica (CCIFM) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
PhD, Associate Professor, Division of Radiology, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
Radiol Bras. 2015 Mar-Apr;48(2):111-20. doi: 10.1590/0100-3984.2014.0005.
Whole-body imaging in children was classically performed with radiography, positron-emission tomography, either combined or not with computed tomography, the latter with the disadvantage of exposure to ionizing radiation. Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in association with the recently developed metabolic and functional techniques such as diffusion-weighted imaging, has brought the advantage of a comprehensive evaluation of pediatric patients without the risks inherent to ionizing radiation usually present in other conventional imaging methods. It is a rapid and sensitive method, particularly in pediatrics, for detecting and monitoring multifocal lesions in the body as a whole. In pediatrics, it is utilized for both oncologic and non-oncologic indications such as screening and diagnosis of tumors in patients with genetic syndromes, evaluation of disease extent and staging, evaluation of therapeutic response and post-therapy follow-up, evaluation of non neoplastic diseases such as multifocal osteomyelitis, vascular malformations and syndromes affecting multiple regions of the body. The present review was aimed at describing the major indications of whole-body MRI in pediatrics added of technical considerations.
儿童全身成像传统上采用X线摄影、正电子发射断层扫描，后者可与计算机断层扫描联合或不联合使用，但计算机断层扫描存在电离辐射暴露的缺点。全身磁共振成像（MRI）与最近开发的代谢和功能技术（如扩散加权成像）相结合，带来了全面评估儿科患者的优势，而没有其他传统成像方法通常存在的电离辐射固有风险。它是一种快速且灵敏的方法，尤其在儿科领域，可用于检测和监测全身的多灶性病变。在儿科中，它可用于肿瘤学和非肿瘤学指征，如对患有遗传综合征患者的肿瘤进行筛查和诊断、评估疾病范围和分期、评估治疗反应及治疗后随访、评估非肿瘤性疾病（如多灶性骨髓炎、血管畸形和影响身体多个部位的综合征）。本综述旨在描述儿科全身MRI的主要指征，并补充技术方面的考虑因素。
