Stramandinoli-Zanicotti Roberta Targa, Sassi Laurindo Moacir, Schussel Juliana Lucena, Torres Maria Fernanda, Funchal Melissa, Smaniotto Gustavo Henrique, Dissenha José Luis, Carvalho Andre Lopes
DDS, MSc, PhD student. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Erasto Gaertner Hospital, Curitiba / PR - Brazil; Oncology Department, University of São Paulo, São Paulo / SP - Brazil.
DDS, PhD. Chief of the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Erasto Gaertner Hospital, Curitiba / PR - Brazil.
Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2013 Apr;17(2):163-7. doi: 10.7162/S1809-97772013000200008.
Radiotherapy (RT) of head and neck neoplasms often damages the salivary glands.
To examine the pattern of morphologic changes resulting from RT of the head and neck region in minipig parotid glands in a clinical and experimental research setting.
Twelve 18-month-old male Brazilian minipigs weighing 30-40 kg were selected. Eight minipigs were assigned to the experimental group (group 1) and 4 to the control group (group 2). The RT was performed under general anesthesia at Erasto Gaertner Hospital, Curitiba, Brazil, using an á/â ratio of 2.5. The minipigs from group 1 underwent 3 sessions of irradiation with Cobalt 60 of the head and neck, bilaterally, with 3 exposures of 8 Gy each at 7-day intervals for a total dose of 24 Gy. The animals were sacrificed 12 weeks post-RT.
The irradiated parotid glands displayed reductions in the size and number of acini as well as loss of secretory granules. The presence of fibrosis and loss of parenchyma relative to non-irradiated glands were observed, with an average reduction in volume of 54%.
Our results demonstrate that this model for parotid gland damage resulting from an RT regimen appears to be useful for preclinical large animal studies of RT-induced damage and testing novel potential treatment options. Although recent advances in radiation therapy, such as intensity-modulated radiation therapy, have reduced the dose and limited the field of radiation, considerable salivary gland injury still occurs and can greatly impact the patient's quality of life after cancer treatment.
头颈部肿瘤的放射治疗（RT）常常会损伤唾液腺。
在临床和实验研究环境中，研究小型猪腮腺因头颈部区域放射治疗而产生的形态学变化模式。
选取12只18月龄、体重30 - 40千克的巴西雄性小型猪。8只小型猪被分配到实验组（第1组），4只被分配到对照组（第2组）。放射治疗在巴西库里蒂巴的埃拉斯托·盖特纳医院全身麻醉下进行，α/β比值为2.5。第1组的小型猪双侧接受3次钴60对头颈部的照射，每次照射8 Gy，间隔7天，共24 Gy的总剂量。放疗后12周处死动物。
受照射的腮腺腺泡大小和数量减少，分泌颗粒丢失。观察到与未受照射腺体相比存在纤维化和实质丧失，平均体积减少54%。
我们的结果表明，这种由放疗方案导致腮腺损伤的模型似乎可用于放疗诱导损伤的临床前大型动物研究以及测试新的潜在治疗方案。尽管近年来放射治疗取得了进展，如调强放射治疗，减少了剂量并限制了放射野，但仍会发生相当程度的唾液腺损伤，这会对癌症治疗后患者的生活质量产生重大影响。
