Rech Rafaela Soares, Santos Karoline Weber Dos, Maahs Marcia Angelica Peters, Vidor Deisi Cristina Gollo Marques
Department of Fonoaudiologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2014 Oct;18(4):369-75. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1385843. Epub 2014 Aug 13.
Introduction For chewing to occur properly, it is necessary that all oral structures are present and of normal standard. Objectives The aim of this study is to verify the presence of oral changes in smokers and the impact of the changes on masticatory function compared with individuals who never smoked. Methods Forty-eight subjects were evaluated, split into two study groups (24 subjects each) of current tobacco users and individuals who have never smoked. The variables halitosis, presence of lesions suggestive of caries and periodontal problems, number of teeth, classification of malocclusions according to angle, standard grinding food, chewing pattern, and speed of chewing were evaluated. Results There was no statistically significant difference in tooth loss between the groups, but the smokers had more losses manifesting malocclusion. Most smokers had halitosis and lesions suggestive of caries and periodontal problems; the halitosis was associated with the latter variable. Masticatory speed was also reduced significantly in these individuals compared with the control group when associated with occlusal alterations, in addition to grinding food with the tongue. No difference was observed regarding the chewing pattern. The presence of halitosis and periodontal problems were more common in those who smoke more than 20 years. Conclusion There is an association between smoking and dental changes, which cause increased masticatory changes.
引言 为了正常咀嚼，所有口腔结构都必须存在且符合正常标准。目的 本研究的目的是验证吸烟者口腔变化的存在情况，以及与从不吸烟的个体相比，这些变化对咀嚼功能的影响。方法 对48名受试者进行评估，分为两个研究组（每组24名受试者），一组为当前吸烟者，另一组为从不吸烟的个体。评估的变量包括口臭、龋齿和牙周问题的病变情况、牙齿数量、根据角度分类的错牙合情况、标准研磨食物、咀嚼模式和咀嚼速度。结果 两组之间牙齿缺失情况无统计学显著差异，但吸烟者有更多表现为错牙合的缺失。大多数吸烟者有口臭以及龋齿和牙周问题的病变；口臭与后一个变量相关。与对照组相比，这些个体在伴有咬合改变时，除了用舌头研磨食物外，咀嚼速度也显著降低。在咀嚼模式方面未观察到差异。口臭和牙周问题在吸烟超过20年的人群中更为常见。结论 吸烟与牙齿变化之间存在关联，这会导致咀嚼变化增加。
