Wilder David A, Majdalany Lina, Sturkie Latasha, Smeltz Lindsay
FLORIDA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND THE SCOTT CENTER FOR AUTISM TREATMENT.
J Appl Behav Anal. 2015 Sep;48(3):511-22. doi: 10.1002/jaba.218. Epub 2015 May 22.
In 2 experiments, we examined the effects of programmed reinforcement for compliance with high-probability (high-p) instructions on compliance with low-probability (low-p) instructions. In Experiment 1, we compared the high-p sequence with and without programmed reinforcement (i.e., edible items) for compliance with high-p instructions. Results showed that the high-p sequence increased compliance with low-p instructions only when compliance with high-p instructions was followed by reinforcement. In Experiment 2, we examined the role of reinforcer quality by delivering a lower quality reinforcer (praise) for compliance with high-p instructions. Results of Experiment 2 showed that the high-p sequence with lower quality reinforcement did not improve compliance with low-p instructions; the addition of a higher quality reinforcer (i.e., edible items) contingent on compliance with high-p instructions did increase compliance with low-p instructions.
在两项实验中，我们研究了针对遵守高概率（高p）指令的程序性强化对遵守低概率（低p）指令的影响。在实验1中，我们比较了有和没有针对遵守高p指令的程序性强化（即可食用物品）的高p序列。结果表明，只有当遵守高p指令后给予强化时，高p序列才会提高对低p指令的遵守程度。在实验2中，我们通过对遵守高p指令给予质量较低的强化物（表扬）来研究强化物质量的作用。实验2的结果表明，有质量较低强化的高p序列并没有提高对低p指令的遵守程度；而在遵守高p指令的情况下给予质量较高的强化物（即可食用物品）则确实提高了对低p指令的遵守程度。
