Davis Caleb R, Axe Judah B
Department of Behavior Analysis, Simmons University, 300 The Fenway, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
Deafblind Program, Perkins School for the Blind, Watertown, MA USA.
Behav Anal Pract. 2021 Jan 12;14(2):352-359. doi: 10.1007/s40617-020-00524-w. eCollection 2021 Jun.
Many individuals with developmental disabilities exhibit noncompliance during intensive instruction. As a treatment for noncompliance, the high-probability instructional sequence (high-p sequence) consists of delivering several high-p instructions before a low-p instruction. The purpose of this study was to extend the research on comparing consequences for high-p demands-namely, praise, edibles, and videos-with an 11-year-old girl diagnosed with CHARGE syndrome. CHARGE syndrome is a rare medical condition often resulting in multisensory impairments and developmental delays. In Treatment Analysis 1, we compared praise versus edibles as consequences for compliance with high- and low-p instructions. Results showed the edibles were initially more effective than praise, but the effects did not maintain. In Treatment Analysis 2, we changed the consequence for compliance with high- and low-p instructions to a music video and then attempted to fade the number of high-p instructions. We replicated the efficacy of the high-p sequence but failed to fade the number of high-p instructions and failed to achieve maintenance. Therefore, in Treatment Analysis 3, we conducted presession preference assessments of music videos in order to use a selected video as the consequence for compliance. This "varied reinforcement" intervention resulted in high levels of compliance. Results are discussed in terms of motivating operations and recommendations for practice.
许多发育障碍患者在强化训练期间表现出不依从行为。作为一种治疗不依从行为的方法,高概率教学序列(高p序列)包括在低概率指令之前给出几个高概率指令。本研究的目的是扩展关于比较高概率要求的后果(即表扬、可食用物品和视频)对一名被诊断患有CHARGE综合征的11岁女孩的影响的研究。CHARGE综合征是一种罕见的医学病症,常导致多感官损伤和发育迟缓。在治疗分析1中,我们比较了表扬与可食用物品作为对高概率和低概率指令依从性的后果。结果显示,可食用物品最初比表扬更有效,但效果未能持续。在治疗分析2中,我们将对高概率和低概率指令依从性的后果改为音乐视频,然后试图减少高概率指令的数量。我们重复了高p序列的有效性,但未能减少高概率指令的数量,也未能实现效果维持。因此,在治疗分析3中,我们对音乐视频进行了课前偏好评估,以便使用选定的视频作为依从性的后果。这种“多样化强化”干预导致了高水平的依从性。我们从动机操作和实践建议的角度对结果进行了讨论。