Hu Jiande, Dong Yonghai, Chen Xiaodan, Liu Yun, Ma Dongyang, Liu Xiaoyun, Zheng Ruizhi, Mao Xiangqun, Chen Ting, He Wei
Nanhui Mental Health Center, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 201300, China.
Jiangxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang, 330029, China.
Compr Psychiatry. 2015 Aug;61:78-89. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.05.001. Epub 2015 May 8.
According to World Health Organization, for every committed suicide there were 20 suicide attempts at least. In the last decade, despite the increasing awareness on suicide attempts among adolescents in China, there has been no comprehensive system reporting vital statistics. Consequently, the prevalence of suicide attempts reported in some studies ranged variedly. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to provide the first meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies of suicide attempts to fill this gap.
Two reviewers independently screened potentially relevant cross-sectional studies of suicide attempts through PubMed-Medline, Embase, Wanfang Data, Chongqing VIP and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases using the core terms 'suicid*'/'suicide attempt*'/'attempted suicide' and 'adolescen*'/'youth'/'child*'/'student*' and 'China'/'Chinese' in the article titles, abstracts and keywords. Chi-square based Q test and I(2) statistic assessed the heterogeneity. Forest plot was used to display results graphically. Potential publication bias was assessed by the funnel plot, Begg's and Egger's test.
In total, 43 studies with 200,124 participants met the eligibility criteria. The pooled prevalence of suicide attempts among Chinese adolescents was 2.94% (95% CI: 2.53%-3.41%). Substantial heterogeneity in prevalence estimates was revealed. Subgroup analyses showed that the prevalence for males was 2.50% (95% CI: 2.08%-3.01%), and for females was 3.17% (95% CI: 2.56%-3.91%).
In sum, abstracting across the literatures, the prevalence of suicide attempts among Chinese adolescents was moderate compared with other countries around the world. Necessary measures should be set out prevent them in the future.
世界卫生组织指出，每发生1起自杀事件，至少有20起自杀未遂事件。在过去十年中，尽管中国对青少年自杀未遂问题的认识有所提高，但尚未建立全面的生命统计报告系统。因此，一些研究报告的自杀未遂发生率差异很大。因此，本研究的目的是对自杀未遂的横断面研究进行首次荟萃分析，以填补这一空白。
两名 reviewers 通过 PubMed-Medline、Embase、万方数据、重庆维普和中国知网数据库，使用文章标题、摘要和关键词中的核心术语“suicid*”/“suicide attempt*”/“attempted suicide”以及“adolescen*”/“youth”/“child*”/“student*”和“China”/“Chinese”，独立筛选可能相关的自杀未遂横断面研究。基于卡方的 Q 检验和 I(2)统计量评估异质性。森林图用于以图形方式展示结果。通过漏斗图、Begg 检验和 Egger 检验评估潜在的发表偏倚。
共有43项研究（200,124名参与者）符合纳入标准。中国青少年自杀未遂的合并患病率为2.94%（95%CI：从2.53%到3.41%）。患病率估计存在显著异质性。亚组分析显示，男性患病率为2.50%（95%CI：从2.08%到3.01%），女性患病率为3.17%（95%CI：从2.56%到3.91%）。
总之，综合文献来看，与世界其他国家相比，中国青少年自杀未遂的患病率处于中等水平。未来应采取必要措施预防自杀未遂事件。
