Hamzic-Mehmedbasic Aida, Rebic Damir, Balavac Merima, Muslimovic Alma, Dzemidzic Jasminka
University Clinical Centre Sarajevo, Clinic of Nephrology, Bolnicka 25, 71 000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Bournemouth University, Christ church House C208, United Kingdom.
Mater Sociomed. 2015 Apr;27(2):70-4. doi: 10.5455/msm.2015.27.71-74. Epub 2015 Apr 5.
Acute kidney injury is characterized by a rapid loss of renal excretory function with the increase of nitrogen compounds in the blood and with different outcome.
Since descriptions of the risk factors and sequelae of acute kidney injury (AKI) remain relatively limited, the objective of this study was to determine etiology and clinical characteristics of AKI, as well as risk factors for adverse outcome of renal function and death in AKI patients.
We retrospectively studied a cohort of 84 adult AKI patients admitted to Nephrology Clinic in University Clinical Centre Sarajevo during period 2012-2014. Demographic, laboratory and clinical parameters were retrieved. The in-hospital and 6 months mortality were recorded. Renal function outcome was defined 3 months following discharge.
Majority of patients were older (median age 73.5 years) with great severity of AKI (Stage III in 78.5% of cases) and high burden of comorbidities (mean Charlson comorbidity index, CCI score 6.4±3.05). The most common causes of AKI were acute interstitial nephritis (16.7%), heart failure (15.5%), gastroenterocolitis (13.1%), and sepsis (12%). Renal function recovery was recorded in 48.8% of patients, with prevalence of 10.7% of intrahospital mortality and 37.3% of 6 months mortality. Risk factors for poor outcome of renal function and mortality in AKI patients were increasing age and higher CCI score, while protective factor was higher diuresis. Sepsis proved to be risk factor for death.
急性肾损伤的特征是肾排泄功能迅速丧失，血液中含氮化合物增加，且预后各异。
由于对急性肾损伤（AKI）的危险因素和后遗症的描述仍然相对有限，本研究的目的是确定AKI的病因和临床特征，以及AKI患者肾功能不良结局和死亡的危险因素。
我们回顾性研究了2012年至2014年期间在萨拉热窝大学临床中心肾病科住院的84例成年AKI患者。收集了人口统计学、实验室和临床参数。记录了住院期间和6个月时的死亡率。出院后3个月定义肾功能结局。
大多数患者年龄较大（中位年龄73.5岁），AKI严重程度高（78.5%的病例为III期），合并症负担重（平均Charlson合并症指数，CCI评分为6.4±3.05）。AKI最常见的病因是急性间质性肾炎（16.7%）、心力衰竭（15.5%）、胃肠结肠炎（13.1%）和脓毒症（12%）。48.8%的患者肾功能恢复，住院死亡率为10.7%，6个月死亡率为37.3%。AKI患者肾功能不良结局和死亡的危险因素是年龄增加和CCI评分较高，而保护因素是较高的尿量。脓毒症被证明是死亡的危险因素。
