基于彭德健康促进模式的多策略项目对改善社会行为以预防前往戈纳巴德城市健康中心就诊的老年女性孤独感的影响
The Effect of a Multi-Strategy Program on Developing Social Behaviors Based on Pender's Health Promotion Model to Prevent Loneliness of Old Women Referred to Gonabad Urban Health Centers.
作者信息
Alaviani Mehri, Khosravan Shahla, Alami Ali, Moshki Mahdi
机构信息
Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Maragheh Faculty of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran;
Department of Community and Mental Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Social Determinants of Health Research Centre, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran;
出版信息
Int J Community Based Nurs Midwifery. 2015 Apr;3(2):132-40.
BACKGROUND
Loneliness is one of the most significant problems during aging. This research has been done to determine the effect of a multi-strategy program based on Pender's Health Promotion model to prevent loneliness of elderly women by improving social relationships.
METHODS
In this quasi-experimental study done in 2013 from January to November, 150 old women suffering medium loneliness referred to Gonabad urban Health Centers were enrolled. Data were gathered using Russell's UCLA loneliness questionnaire and the questionnaires based on Pender's Health Promotion Model about loneliness. The results were analyzed by descriptive statistics and Chi-square, T-pair, and independent-T tests through SPSS, version 20.
RESULTS
Loneliness decreased significantly in the interventional group compared to the control group (P<0.00). In addition, mean scores related to variables of Health Promotion Model (received benefits and barriers, self-efficacy, interpersonal effectives of loneliness) in both groups were significantly different before and after the study (P<0.05).
CONCLUSION
Constructs of Pender's Health Promotion Model can be used as a framework for planning interventions in order to anticipate, improve and modify related behaviors related to loneliness in old women.
背景
孤独是老龄化过程中最显著的问题之一。本研究旨在确定基于彭德健康促进模型的多策略项目通过改善社会关系来预防老年女性孤独感的效果。
方法
在这项于2013年1月至11月进行的准实验研究中，招募了150名中度孤独的老年女性，她们均来自戈纳巴德市健康中心。使用罗素的加州大学洛杉矶分校孤独感问卷以及基于彭德健康促进模型的孤独感问卷收集数据。通过SPSS 20版软件进行描述性统计分析以及卡方检验、配对t检验和独立样本t检验。
结果
与对照组相比，干预组的孤独感显著降低（P<0.00）。此外，两组在研究前后与健康促进模型变量（获得的益处和障碍、自我效能感、孤独感的人际效能）相关的平均得分均有显著差异（P<0.05）。
结论
彭德健康促进模型的构建要素可作为规划干预措施的框架，以预测、改善和改变老年女性与孤独感相关的行为。
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