Javadzade Homamodin, Vahedparast Hakime, Khodaminasab Azime, Tahmasebi Rahim, Reisi Mahnoush, Kiani Jamile
Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
Arch Public Health. 2024 May 9;82(1):64. doi: 10.1186/s13690-024-01299-0.
Coronary artery disease is the most common cardiovascular disease, the mortality rate of which is increasing significantly. The most important way to prevent a second attack in patients undergoing angioplasty is self-care, which can be influenced by several factors such as the patient's beliefs. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the effect of a web-based intervention based on the Pender's health promotion model in patients with cardiovascular disease.
The present clinical trial study was conducted with 99 patients undergoing angioplasty treatment referring to Bushehr Heart Specialist Center. Random sampling was done and the participants were divided into two groups (50 subjects in intervention group and 49 subjects in control group). The data collection tool was a three-part questionnaire (including demographic information, a researcher-made questionnaire based on the health promotion model constructs, and self-care behaviors), which was completed in three stages (before, two weeks, and three months after the intervention). In addition to routine hospital services, the intervention group received multimedia training based on the constructs of the Pender's health promotion model from the website. The control group received usual hospital services. Data were analyzed with chi-square, independent T-test and repeated measure ANOVA using SPSS-22 software.
The results showed that 2 weeks and 3 months after the intervention, the mean scores of perceived benefits, perceived self-efficacy and perceived social support had a significant increase in the intervention group compared to the control group, but the mean score of perceived barriers had a significant decrease in the intervention group (p < 0.001). Regarding self-care behaviors, after the intervention, the mean scores of self-care behaviors, physical activity, healthy diet, medication adherence and stress management had a significant increase in the intervention group compared to the control group (p < 0.001), but no significant was observed between the two groups in terms of changes in the non-smoking (p = 0.38).
The results of the study showed that the web-based educational intervention based on the health promotion model is useful in improving the self-care behaviors of cardiac patients undergoing angioplasty. Nursing education and care have a great role in improving the self-care behaviors of cardiovascular patients.
Registration number: IRCT2017080635429N2. Registration date: 09/03/2017 ( https://en.irct.ir/trial/26775 ).
冠状动脉疾病是最常见的心血管疾病，其死亡率正在显著上升。对接受血管成形术的患者预防二次发作的最重要方法是自我护理，这可能受到多种因素的影响，如患者的信念。因此，本研究旨在确定基于彭德健康促进模型的网络干预对心血管疾病患者的影响。
本临床试验研究对99名前往布什尔心脏专科中心接受血管成形术治疗的患者进行。采用随机抽样，将参与者分为两组（干预组50名受试者，对照组49名受试者）。数据收集工具是一份三部分问卷（包括人口统计学信息、基于健康促进模型构建的研究者自制问卷和自我护理行为），在三个阶段（干预前、干预后两周和三个月）完成。除常规医院服务外，干预组从网站上接受基于彭德健康促进模型构建的多媒体培训。对照组接受常规医院服务。使用SPSS-22软件，通过卡方检验、独立样本t检验和重复测量方差分析对数据进行分析。
结果显示，干预后两周和三个月，干预组的感知益处、感知自我效能和感知社会支持的平均得分与对照组相比显著增加，但干预组的感知障碍平均得分显著降低（p<0.001）。关于自我护理行为，干预后，干预组的自我护理行为、体育活动、健康饮食、药物依从性和压力管理的平均得分与对照组相比显著增加（p<0.001），但两组在戒烟方面的变化没有显著差异（p = 0.38）。
研究结果表明，基于健康促进模型的网络教育干预对改善接受血管成形术的心脏病患者的自我护理行为是有用的。护理教育和护理在改善心血管疾病患者的自我护理行为方面具有重要作用。
注册号：IRCT2017080635429N2。注册日期：2017年9月3日（https://en.irct.ir/trial/26775）
