Khodaveisi Masoud, Omidi Afsar, Farokhi Shima, Soltanian Ali Reza
Chronic Diseases (Home Care) Research Center, Department of Community Health Nursing, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Department of Community Health Nursing, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Int J Community Based Nurs Midwifery. 2017 Apr;5(2):165-174.
Changes in lifestyle and eating habits have put women at risk of obesity and overweight more than ever. This aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Pender's Health Promotion Model (HPM) to improve the nutritional behavior of overweight and obese women admitted to Fatemiyeh Hospital clinics in Hamadan, west Iran in 2015.
In this quasi-experimental study, 108 eligible women were selected and randomly assigned to two groups: one experimental and one control. Data were gathered using three questionnaires: demographics, Pender's HPM constructs, and nutritional behavior. The questionnaires were filled out by both groups as pre-test and two months later. A Pender's HPM-based intervention was conducted for the experimental group. The data were analyzed by paired and independent t-tests, ANCOVA, and Spearmans' correlation coefficient in SPSS/16. The level of significance was considered to be <0.05.
The mean score of nutritional behavior was 41.75±3.28 and 42.36±3.69 before the intervention and 79.09±5.27 and 49.72±9.49 after it in the experimental and control groups, respectively. The difference was significant only between before and after the intervention in the experimental group (P<0.001). Furthermore, the mean scores of the following variables were significantly different between before and after the intervention in the experimental group: nutritional behavior, perceived benefits, perceived self-efficacy, commitment to action, interpersonal and situational influences, behavior-related affect, and perceived barriers (P<0.001).
The results showed that Pender's HPM-based training improved nutritional behavior and some constructs of the model. Therefore, this educative model can be used by healthcare providers to improve the nutritional and other health promoting behaviors.
生活方式和饮食习惯的改变使女性比以往任何时候都更易面临肥胖和超重风险。本研究旨在调查彭德健康促进模式（HPM）对改善2015年入住伊朗西部哈马丹法提米耶医院诊所的超重和肥胖女性营养行为的影响。
在这项准实验研究中，选取了108名符合条件的女性并随机分为两组：一组为实验组，一组为对照组。使用三份问卷收集数据：人口统计学问卷、彭德HPM构建问卷和营养行为问卷。两组均在干预前和两个月后填写问卷。对实验组实施基于彭德HPM的干预措施。数据在SPSS/16中通过配对和独立t检验、协方差分析以及斯皮尔曼相关系数进行分析。显著性水平设定为<0.05。
实验组干预前营养行为平均得分为41.75±3.28，干预后为79.09±5.27；对照组干预前营养行为平均得分为42.36±3.69，干预后为49.72±9.49。仅实验组干预前后存在显著差异（P<0.001）。此外，实验组干预前后以下变量的平均得分也存在显著差异：营养行为、感知益处、感知自我效能、行动承诺、人际和情境影响、行为相关情感以及感知障碍（P<0.001）。
结果表明，基于彭德HPM的培训改善了营养行为以及该模式的一些构建要素。因此，医疗保健提供者可使用这种教育模式来改善营养及其他健康促进行为。
