Wachowicz Barbara, Beldzik Ewa, Domagalik Aleksandra, Fafrowicz Magdalena, Gawlowska Magda, Janik Justyna, Lewandowska Koryna, Oginska Halszka, Marek Tadeusz
Department of Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroergonomics, Institute of Applied Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; Neurobiology Department, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
Neurobiology Department, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
PLoS One. 2015 May 26;10(5):e0126502. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126502. eCollection 2015.
Circadian rhythms and restricted sleep length affect cognitive functions and, consequently, the performance of day to day activities. To date, no more than a few studies have explored the consequences of these factors on oculomotor behaviour. We have implemented a spatial cuing paradigm in an eye tracking experiment conducted four times of the day after one week of rested wakefulness and after one week of chronic partial sleep restriction. Our aim was to verify whether these conditions affect the number of a variety of saccadic task errors. Interestingly, we found that failures in response selection, i.e. premature responses and direction errors, were prone to time of day variations, whereas failures in response execution, i.e. omissions and commissions, were considerably affected by sleep deprivation. The former can be linked to the cue facilitation mechanism, while the latter to wake state instability and the diminished ability of top-down inhibition. Together, these results may be interpreted in terms of distinctive sensitivity of orienting and alerting systems to fatigue. Saccadic eye movements proved to be a novel and effective measure with which to study the susceptibility of attentional systems to time factors, thus, this approach is recommended for future research.
昼夜节律和有限的睡眠时间会影响认知功能，进而影响日常活动的表现。迄今为止，只有少数研究探讨了这些因素对眼球运动行为的影响。我们在一项眼动追踪实验中采用了空间线索范式，该实验在一周的休息清醒后和一周的慢性部分睡眠限制后，一天内进行了四次。我们的目的是验证这些条件是否会影响各种扫视任务错误的数量。有趣的是，我们发现反应选择方面的失误，即过早反应和方向错误，容易受到一天中不同时间的影响，而反应执行方面的失误，即遗漏和错误执行，则受到睡眠剥夺的显著影响。前者可能与线索促进机制有关，而后者与清醒状态不稳定和自上而下抑制能力减弱有关。综合来看，这些结果可以从定向和警觉系统对疲劳的独特敏感性方面来解释。扫视眼动被证明是一种新颖且有效的方法，用于研究注意系统对时间因素的易感性，因此，建议在未来的研究中采用这种方法。
