Dellagrana Rodolfo A, Guglielmo Luiz G A, Santos Bruno V, Hernandez Sara G, da Silva Sérgio G, de Campos Wagner
1Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil; and 2Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
J Strength Cond Res. 2015 Jun;29(6):1584-91. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000784.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between physiological, anthropometric, strength, and muscle power variables and a 5-km time trial (5kmT) in young runners. Twenty-three runners volunteered to participate in this study. Height, body mass, body fat, and fat-free mass (FFM) were measured. The subjects underwent laboratory testing to determine maximal oxygen uptake ((Equation is included in full-text article.)), velocity at ventilatory threshold (VVT), running economy (RE), velocity associated with maximal oxygen uptake ((Equation is included in full-text article.)), and peak velocity (PV). Peak torque, total work, and power were measured by an isokinetic dynamometer at 60°·s(-1) and 240°·s(-1) angular velocities. Right and left knee flexor and extensor torques were evaluated. Finally, the participants performed a 5kmT. Multiple regression and correlation analysis were used to determine the variables that significantly related to 5kmT. Strength and muscle power variables did not correlate with 5kmT. However, most physiological variables were associated with 5kmT. Velocity at ventilatory threshold alone explains 40% of the variance in 5kmT. The addition of the RE at speed 11.2 km·h(-1) (RE11.2) and FFM to the prediction equation allowed for 71% of the adjusted variance in 5kmT to be predicted. These results show that strength and muscle power variables are not good predictors of 5kmT; however, the physiological variables presented high prediction capacity in the 5kmT. Moreover, the anthropometric measures showed significant influence in performance prediction.
本研究的目的是调查年轻跑步者的生理、人体测量学、力量和肌肉功率变量与5公里计时赛（5kmT）之间的关系。23名跑步者自愿参与本研究。测量了身高、体重、体脂和去脂体重（FFM）。受试者接受实验室测试以确定最大摄氧量（（公式包含在全文中））、通气阈值时的速度（VVT）、跑步经济性（RE）、与最大摄氧量相关的速度（（公式包含在全文中））和峰值速度（PV）。通过等速测力计在60°·s⁻¹和240°·s⁻¹角速度下测量峰值扭矩、总功和功率。评估了左右膝屈肌和伸肌扭矩。最后，参与者进行了5kmT测试。采用多元回归和相关分析来确定与5kmT显著相关的变量。力量和肌肉功率变量与5kmT不相关。然而，大多数生理变量与5kmT相关。仅通气阈值时的速度就解释了5kmT中40%的方差。在预测方程中加入11.2 km·h⁻¹速度下的跑步经济性（RE11.2）和去脂体重，可预测5kmT中71%的调整方差。这些结果表明，力量和肌肉功率变量不是5kmT的良好预测指标；然而，生理变量在5kmT中具有较高的预测能力。此外，人体测量指标对成绩预测有显著影响。
