Souza B H S, Costa E N, Forim M R, Costa E S, Boiça Júnior A L
Depto de Fitossanidade, Fac de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brasil,
Neotrop Entomol. 2015 Apr;44(2):173-9. doi: 10.1007/s13744-014-0268-z. Epub 2015 Feb 5.
We evaluated oil and powder formulations of Melia azedarach for controlling larvae of Diabrotica speciosa (Germar) in corn and plant enhancement. Five concentrations of each formulation were evaluated and compared to fipronil (negative control) and distilled water (positive control). After treatment, the number of surviving insects (larvae, pupae, and adults), the adult body weight, the sex ratio, and the longevity were recorded, while the height, dry weight of aerial part and roots, and number of leaves of plants were measured. The oil formulation at 4.0 mL reduced the larvae population of D. speciosa similarly to the insecticide fipronil, which resulted in greater height, dry weight of the root system, and number of leaves. Powder formulation at concentrations of 40, 80, and 160 mg caused larval mortality above 80%; however, these concentrations did not prevent reduction of plant height and dry weight of aerial part. Further studies assessing the residual period of M. azedarach control against D. speciosa larvae and its phytotoxicity, which are common traits associated with azadirachtin application, are necessary to subsidize the next steps of this alternative control strategy.
我们评估了苦楝的油剂和粉剂配方对玉米中甜菜夜蛾（Germar）幼虫的防治效果以及对植株的促生作用。对每种配方的五个浓度进行了评估，并与氟虫腈（阴性对照）和蒸馏水（阳性对照）进行比较。处理后，记录存活昆虫（幼虫、蛹和成虫）的数量、成虫体重、性别比和寿命，同时测量植株的高度、地上部分和根系的干重以及叶片数量。4.0毫升的油剂配方对甜菜夜蛾幼虫数量的减少效果与杀虫剂氟虫腈相似，这使得植株的高度、根系干重和叶片数量增加。浓度为40、80和160毫克的粉剂配方导致幼虫死亡率超过80%；然而，这些浓度并未阻止植株高度和地上部分干重的降低。有必要进一步研究苦楝对甜菜夜蛾幼虫的防治残留期及其植物毒性，这是与印楝素应用相关的常见特性，以便为这种替代防治策略的后续步骤提供依据。
