Rastogi Rajesh Prasad, Sonani Ravi Raghav, Madamwar Datta
BRD School of Biosciences, Sardar Patel Maidan, Vadtal Road, Satellite Campus, Sardar Patel University, Post Box No. 39, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388 120, Anand, Gujarat, India,
Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2015 Jul;176(6):1551-63. doi: 10.1007/s12010-015-1676-1. Epub 2015 May 27.
Cyanobacteria are the most promising group of photosynthetic microorganisms capable of producing an array of natural products of industrial importance. Scytonemin is a small hydrophobic alkaloid pigment molecules present in the extracellular sheath of several cyanobacteria as a protective mechanism against short wavelength solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation. It has great efficacy to minimize the production of reactive oxygen species and formation of DNA lesions. The biosynthesis of scytonemin is regulated by different physico-chemical stressors. Scytonemin display multiple roles, functioning as a potent UV sunscreen and antioxidant molecules, and can be exploited in cosmetic and other industries for the development of new cosmeceuticals. Herein, we review the occurrence, biosynthesis, and potential application of scytonemin in photoprotection, pharmaceuticals, and biomedical research.
蓝细菌是最具潜力的光合微生物群体，能够产生一系列具有工业重要性的天然产物。藻青素是一种小的疏水性生物碱色素分子，存在于几种蓝细菌的细胞外鞘中，作为一种针对短波长太阳紫外线（UV）辐射的保护机制。它在最大限度减少活性氧的产生和DNA损伤形成方面具有很大功效。藻青素的生物合成受不同物理化学应激源的调节。藻青素具有多种作用，作为一种有效的紫外线防晒剂和抗氧化分子发挥功能，并且可在化妆品和其他行业中用于开发新的药妆品。在此，我们综述藻青素在光保护、制药和生物医学研究中的存在、生物合成及潜在应用。
