Janion-Scheepers Charlene, Deharveng Louis, Bedos Anne, Chown Steven L
Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa ; School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité ISYEB - UMR 7205 - CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, 45 rue Buffon, F-75005, Paris, France.
Zookeys. 2015 May 11(503):55-88. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.503.8966. eCollection 2015.
Understanding the abundance and richness of species is one of the most fundamental steps in effecting their conservation. Despite global recognition of the significance of the below-ground component of diversity for ecosystem functioning, the soil remains a poorly studied terrestrial ecosystem. In South Africa, knowledge is increasing for a variety of soil faunal groups, but many still remain poorly understood. We have started to address this gap in the knowledge of South African soil biodiversity by focusing on the Collembola in an integrated project that encompasses systematics, barcoding and ecological assessments. Here we provide an updated list of the Collembola species from South Africa. A total of 124 species from 61 genera and 17 families has been recorded, of which 75 are considered endemic, 24 widespread, and 25 introduced. This total number of species excludes the 36 species we consider to be dubious. From the published data, Collembola species richness is high compared to other African countries, but low compared to European countries. This is largely a consequence of poor sampling in the African region, as our discovery of many new species in South Africa demonstrates. Our analyses also show that much ongoing work will be required before a reasonably comprehensive and spatially explicit picture of South Africa's springtail fauna can be provided, which may well exceed 1000 species. Such work will be necessary to help South Africa meet its commitments to biodiversity conservation, especially in the context of the 2020 Aichi targets of the Convention on Biological Diversity.
了解物种的丰富度是实现其保护的最基本步骤之一。尽管全球都认识到地下生物多样性组成部分对生态系统功能的重要性，但土壤仍然是一个研究较少的陆地生态系统。在南非，人们对各种土壤动物类群的了解在不断增加，但仍有许多类群知之甚少。我们已开始通过一个涵盖系统学、条形码技术和生态评估的综合项目，聚焦弹尾目昆虫，来填补南非土壤生物多样性知识方面的这一空白。在此，我们提供一份南非弹尾目昆虫物种的更新列表。共记录了来自17个科61个属的124个物种，其中75个被认为是特有种，24个分布广泛，25个是外来引入种。这个物种总数不包括我们认为存疑的36个物种。从已发表的数据来看，与其他非洲国家相比，南非弹尾目昆虫的物种丰富度较高，但与欧洲国家相比则较低。这在很大程度上是非洲地区采样不足的结果，正如我们在南非发现许多新物种所表明的那样。我们的分析还表明，在能够提供一幅关于南非跳虫动物群的合理全面且具有空间明确性的图景之前，还需要进行大量持续的工作，而这一图景中的物种数量很可能超过1000种。此类工作对于帮助南非履行其生物多样性保护承诺至关重要，尤其是在《生物多样性公约》2020年爱知目标的背景下。
