细胞质mRNA翻译的机制。
Mechanism of cytoplasmic mRNA translation.
作者信息
Browning Karen S, Bailey-Serres Julia
机构信息
Department of Molecular Biosciences and Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX 78712-0165 ; Both authors contributed equally to this work.
Department of Botany and Plant Sciences and Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521 USA ; Both authors contributed equally to this work.
出版信息
Arabidopsis Book. 2015 Apr 24;13:e0176. doi: 10.1199/tab.0176. eCollection 2015.
Protein synthesis is a fundamental process in gene expression that depends upon the abundance and accessibility of the mRNA transcript as well as the activity of many protein and RNA-protein complexes. Here we focus on the intricate mechanics of mRNA translation in the cytoplasm of higher plants. This chapter includes an inventory of the plant translational apparatus and a detailed review of the translational processes of initiation, elongation, and termination. The majority of mechanistic studies of cytoplasmic translation have been carried out in yeast and mammalian systems. The factors and mechanisms of translation are for the most part conserved across eukaryotes; however, some distinctions are known to exist in plants. A comprehensive understanding of the complex translational apparatus and its regulation in plants is warranted, as the modulation of protein production is critical to development, environmental plasticity and biomass yield in diverse ecosystems and agricultural settings.
蛋白质合成是基因表达中的一个基本过程，它取决于mRNA转录本的丰度和可及性，以及许多蛋白质和RNA-蛋白质复合物的活性。在这里，我们聚焦于高等植物细胞质中mRNA翻译的复杂机制。本章包括植物翻译装置的清单，以及对起始、延伸和终止翻译过程的详细综述。大多数关于细胞质翻译的机制研究是在酵母和哺乳动物系统中进行的。翻译的因子和机制在大多数真核生物中是保守的；然而，已知植物中存在一些差异。鉴于蛋白质生产的调控对不同生态系统和农业环境中的发育、环境可塑性和生物量产量至关重要，因此有必要全面了解植物中复杂的翻译装置及其调控。
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