Liu Yiming, Chen Jingwei, Guo Dawei, Cao Moyuan, Jiang Lei
†Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, P. R. China.
‡Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2015 Jun 24;7(24):13645-52. doi: 10.1021/acsami.5b03435. Epub 2015 Jun 10.
Efficient solar evaporation plays an indispensable role in nature as well as the industry process. However, the traditional evaporation process depends on the total temperature increase of bulk water. Recently, localized heating at the air-water interface has been demonstrated as a potential strategy for the improvement of solar evaporation. Here, we show that the carbon-black-based superhydrophobic gauze was able to float on the surface of water and selectively heat the surface water under irradiation, resulting in an enhanced evaporation rate. The fabrication process of the superhydrophobic black gauze was low-cost, scalable, and easy-to-prepare. Control experiments were conducted under different light intensities, and the results proved that the floating black gauze achieved an evaporation rate 2-3 times higher than that of the traditional process. A higher temperature of the surface water was observed in the floating gauze group, revealing a main reason for the evaporation enhancement. Furthermore, the self-cleaning ability of the superhydrophobic black gauze enabled a convenient recycling and reusing process toward practical application. The present material may open a new avenue for application of the superhydrophobic substrate and meet extensive requirements in the fields related to solar evaporation.
高效的太阳能蒸发在自然以及工业过程中都发挥着不可或缺的作用。然而，传统的蒸发过程依赖于 bulk 水的整体温度升高。最近，气-水界面处的局部加热已被证明是一种改善太阳能蒸发的潜在策略。在此，我们表明基于炭黑的超疏水纱布能够漂浮在水面上，并在光照下选择性地加热地表水，从而提高蒸发速率。超疏水黑色纱布的制造过程成本低、可扩展且易于制备。在不同光强下进行了对照实验，结果证明漂浮的黑色纱布实现的蒸发速率比传统过程高 2 至 3 倍。在漂浮纱布组中观察到地表水温度更高，这揭示了蒸发增强的一个主要原因。此外，超疏水黑色纱布的自清洁能力使得其在实际应用中能够方便地进行回收和再利用。本材料可能为超疏水基材的应用开辟一条新途径，并满足太阳能蒸发相关领域的广泛需求。
