Basso Daniele, Patuzzi Francesco, Castello Daniele, Baratieri Marco, Rada Elena Cristina, Weiss-Hortala Elsa, Fiori Luca
University of Trento, Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Italy.
Free University of Bolzano, Faculty of Science and Technology, Italy.
Waste Manag. 2016 Jan;47(Pt A):114-21. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2015.05.013. Epub 2015 May 29.
In this paper, the use of grape marc for energy purposes was investigated. Grape marc is a residual lignocellulosic by-product from the winery industry, which is present in every world region where vine-making is addressed. Among the others, hydrothermal carbonization was chosen as a promising alternative thermochemical process, suitable for the treatment of this high moisture substrate. Through a 50 mL experimental apparatus, hydrothermal carbonization tests were performed at several temperatures (namely: 180, 220 and 250 °C) and residence times (1, 3, 8 h). Analyses on both the solid and the gaseous phases obtained downstream of the process were performed. In particular, solid and gas yields versus the process operational conditions were studied and the obtained hydrochar was evaluated in terms of calorific value, elemental analysis, and thermal stability. Data testify that hydrochar form grape marc presents interesting values of HHV (in the range 19.8-24.1 MJ/kg) and physical-chemical characteristics which make hydrochar exploitable as a solid biofuel. In the meanwhile, the amount of gases produced is very small, if compared to other thermochemical processes. This represents an interesting result when considering environmental issues. Statistical analysis of data allows to affirm that, in the chosen range of operational conditions, the process is influenced more by temperature than residence time. These preliminary results support the option of upgrading grape marc toward its energetic valorisation through hydrothermal carbonization.
本文研究了将葡萄渣用于能源目的的情况。葡萄渣是酿酒工业产生的一种残余木质纤维素副产品，在世界上每个有葡萄种植的地区都有。在其他方法中，水热碳化被选为一种有前景的替代热化学过程，适用于处理这种高水分的底物。通过一个50毫升的实验装置，在几个温度（即180、220和250℃）和停留时间（1、3、8小时）下进行了水热碳化试验。对该过程下游获得的固相和气相进行了分析。特别是，研究了固体和气体产率与过程操作条件的关系，并从热值、元素分析和热稳定性方面对所得的水炭进行了评估。数据表明，葡萄渣形成的水炭具有令人感兴趣的高热值（在19.8 - 24.1兆焦/千克范围内）和物理化学特性，这使得水炭可作为固体生物燃料加以利用。同时，与其他热化学过程相比，产生的气体量非常少。从环境问题的角度来看，这是一个令人感兴趣的结果。对数据的统计分析表明，在所选的操作条件范围内，该过程受温度的影响比停留时间更大。这些初步结果支持通过水热碳化将葡萄渣升级以实现其能源价值的选择。
