Golmakani Mohammad-Taghi, Rezaei Karamatollah
Department of Food Science and Engineering, Faculty of Biosystem Engineering, The University of Tehran, P.O. Box 31587-77871, Karaj, Iran.
Department of Food Science and Engineering, Faculty of Biosystem Engineering, The University of Tehran, P.O. Box 31587-77871, Karaj, Iran.
Food Chem. 2008 Aug 15;109(4):925-30. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.12.084. Epub 2008 Jan 26.
Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD) is an advanced hydrodistillation (HD) technique utilizing a microwave oven in the extraction process. MAHD of essential oils from the aerial parts (tops) of Thymus vulgaris L. (common thyme) was studied and the results were compared with those of the conventional HD in terms of extraction time, extraction yield/efficiency, chemical composition, quality of the essential oils and cost of the operation. MAHD was superior in terms of saving energy and extraction time (75min, compared to 4h in HD). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of thyme leaves undergone HD and MAHD provided evidences as to a sudden rupture of essential oil glands with MAHD. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the extracted essential oils indicated that the use of microwave irradiation did not adversely influence the composition of the essential oils. MAHD was found to be a green technology.
微波辅助水蒸馏法（MAHD）是一种先进的水蒸馏（HD）技术，在提取过程中使用微波炉。对百里香（Thymus vulgaris L.，普通百里香）地上部分（顶部）的精油进行了微波辅助水蒸馏法研究，并在提取时间、提取产率/效率、化学成分、精油质量和操作成本方面将结果与传统水蒸馏法进行了比较。微波辅助水蒸馏法在节能和提取时间方面表现更优（75分钟，而传统水蒸馏法为4小时）。对经过水蒸馏法和微波辅助水蒸馏法处理的百里香叶进行扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察，结果表明微波辅助水蒸馏法会使精油腺突然破裂。对提取的精油进行气相色谱-质谱分析表明，微波辐射的使用不会对精油的成分产生不利影响。研究发现微波辅助水蒸馏法是一种绿色技术。
