Raeburn J, Beaglehole R
Community Health Stud. 1989;13(3):289-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-6405.1989.tb00208.x.
Social disadvantage is an entrenched feature of contemporary New Zealand society and has a deleterious influence on health. Traditional health promotion activities, with their focus on the individual, have had only a limited impact. The World Health Organization is fostering a new approach to health promotion based on the Ottawa Charter, the two most important strategies being: building healthy public policy and strengthening community action. The new health promotion has great potential, especially with its emphasis on 'empowerment', but as yet only indirect evidence supports the effectiveness of this approach. Several current New Zealand community-based initiatives hold promise for the future and three of these are discussed. The greatest challenge is to ensure that the 'empowering' approach to health promotion continues to be developed by Area Health Boards and that this type of health promotion becomes a major priority at all levels of society. As social scientists, we need to support this approach and assist in the production of evidence to show whether it is capable of redressing the health effects of social disadvantage.
社会弱势群体是当代新西兰社会一个根深蒂固的特征，对健康有着有害影响。传统的健康促进活动以个人为重点，其影响有限。世界卫生组织正在根据《渥太华宪章》推动一种新的健康促进方法，两个最重要的策略是：制定健康的公共政策和加强社区行动。新的健康促进有很大潜力，特别是其强调“赋权”，但目前只有间接证据支持这种方法的有效性。新西兰目前的几个基于社区的倡议对未来充满希望，本文将讨论其中三个。最大的挑战是确保地区卫生委员会继续发展健康促进的“赋权”方法，并且这种类型的健康促进成为社会各级的主要优先事项。作为社会科学家，我们需要支持这种方法，并协助提供证据，以表明它是否能够纠正社会弱势群体对健康的影响。
