Szabo Ashley, August David A, Klainer Suzanne, Miller Andrew D, Kaye Alan D, Raemer Daniel B, Urman Richard D
J Med Pract Manage. 2015 Mar-Apr;30(6 Spec No):8-12.
When an unexpected perioperative crisis arises, simulation studies have suggested that the use of an emergency manual (EM) may offset the large cognitive load involved in crisis management, facilitating the efficient performance of key steps in treatment. However, little is known about how well EMs will translate into actual practice and what is required to use them optimally. While EMs are a promising tool in the management of perioperative critical events, more research is needed to define best practices and their limitations. In the interim, cautious use of these cognitive aids is recommended, especially when the diagnosis is not straightforward, falls "in between" sections of the EM, or falls outside of the EM itself. Further research should focus on the efficacy of EMs as measured by the percentage of critical steps correctly performed by their users in scenarios that do not closely mirror one of the listed EM scenarios from the beginning or as the situation evolves.
当围手术期出现意外危机时，模拟研究表明，使用应急手册（EM）可能会抵消危机管理中涉及的巨大认知负荷，促进治疗关键步骤的高效执行。然而，对于应急手册在实际应用中的效果如何，以及如何最佳地使用它们，人们知之甚少。虽然应急手册在围手术期危急事件的管理中是一种有前景的工具，但仍需要更多研究来确定最佳实践及其局限性。在此期间，建议谨慎使用这些认知辅助工具，尤其是当诊断不明确、属于应急手册各章节之间的情况或超出应急手册本身范围时。进一步的研究应关注应急手册的有效性，这可以通过在从一开始就不太符合所列应急手册场景之一或随着情况发展的场景中，用户正确执行关键步骤的百分比来衡量。
