Booth A, Shelley G, Mazur A, Tharp G, Kittok R
Department of Sociology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 68588-0324.
Horm Behav. 1989 Dec;23(4):556-71. doi: 10.1016/0018-506x(89)90042-1.
Testosterone and cortisol were measured in six university tennis players across six matches during their varsity season. Testosterone rose just before most matches, and players with the highest prematch testosterone had the most positive improvement in mood before their matches. After matches, mean testosterone rose for winners relative to losers, especially for winners with very positive moods after their victories and who evaluated their own performance highly. Winners with rising testosterone had higher testosterone before their next match, in contrast to losers with falling testosterone, who had lower testosterone before their next match. Cortisol was not related to winning or losing, but it was related to seed (top players having low cortisol), and cortisol generally declined as the season progressed. These results are consistent with a biosocial theory of status.
在大学网球校队赛季的六场比赛期间，对六名大学网球运动员的睾酮和皮质醇水平进行了测量。大多数比赛前睾酮水平会上升，赛前睾酮水平最高的运动员在比赛前情绪改善最为明显。比赛后，胜者的平均睾酮水平相对于败者有所上升，尤其是那些获胜后情绪非常积极且对自己表现评价很高的胜者。睾酮水平上升的胜者在下一场比赛前睾酮水平较高，而睾酮水平下降的败者在下一场比赛前睾酮水平较低。皮质醇与胜负无关，但与种子排名有关（顶尖选手皮质醇水平较低），并且随着赛季的推进，皮质醇水平总体呈下降趋势。这些结果与地位的生物社会理论一致。
