Zenic Natasa, Terzic Admir, Rodek Jelena, Spasic Miodrag, Sekulic Damir
Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Teslina 6, Split-21000, Croatia.
High School "Hasan Kikic", Sarajevks 1, Gradacac-76250, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Jun 10;12(6):6626-40. doi: 10.3390/ijerph120606626.
Ethnicity and religion are known to be important factors associated with substance use and misuse (SUM). Ethnic Bosniaks, Muslims by religion, are the third largest ethnic group in the territory of the former Yugoslavia, but no study has examined SUM patterns among them. The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of SUM and to examine scholastic-, familial- and sport-factors associated with SUM in adolescent Bosniaks from Bosnia-and-Herzegovina. The sample comprised 970 17-to-18-year-old adolescents (48% boys). Testing was performed using an previously validated questionnaire investigating socio-demographic-factors, scholastic-variables, and sport-factors, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, simultaneous smoking and drinking (multiple SUM), and the consumption of other drugs. The 30% of boys and 32% of girls smoke (OR=1.13; 95% CI=0.86-1.49), 41% of boys and 27% of girls are defined as harmful alcohol drinkers (OR=1.94; 95% CI=1.48-2.54), multiple SUM is prevalent in 17% of boys and 15% of girls (OR=1.11; 95% CI=0.79-1.56), while the consumption of other drugs, including sedatives, is higher in girls (6% and 15% for boys and girls, respectively; OR=2.98; 95% CI=1.89-4.70). Scholastic achievement is negatively associated with SUM. SUM is more prevalent in those girls who report higher income, and boys who report a worse familial financial situation. The study revealed more negative than positive associations between sport participation and SUM, especially among girls. Results can help public health authorities to develop more effective prevention campaign against SUM in adolescence.
种族和宗教是已知与物质使用和滥用（SUM）相关的重要因素。波斯尼亚族，宗教上为穆斯林，是前南斯拉夫领土上的第三大民族，但尚无研究考察过他们当中的SUM模式。本研究的目的是探讨SUM的患病率，并研究波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那青少年波斯尼亚族中与SUM相关的学业、家庭和体育因素。样本包括970名17至18岁的青少年（48%为男孩）。使用一份先前验证过的问卷进行测试，该问卷调查社会人口统计学因素、学业变量、体育因素、吸烟、饮酒、同时吸烟和饮酒（多种SUM情况）以及其他药物的使用情况。30%的男孩和32%的女孩吸烟（比值比=1.13；95%置信区间=0.86-1.49），41%的男孩和27%的女孩被定义为有害饮酒者（比值比=1.94；95%置信区间=1.48-2.54），17%的男孩和15%的女孩存在多种SUM情况（比值比=1.11；95%置信区间=0.79-1.56），而包括镇静剂在内的其他药物的使用在女孩中更高（男孩和女孩分别为6%和15%；比值比=2.98；95%置信区间=1.89-4.70）。学业成绩与SUM呈负相关。SUM在报告收入较高的女孩以及报告家庭经济状况较差的男孩中更为普遍。该研究揭示，体育参与与SUM之间的负面关联多于正面关联，尤其是在女孩中。研究结果可帮助公共卫生当局制定更有效的针对青少年SUM的预防活动。
