与工人可持续就业能力相关的活力扫描的开发：一项评估其内部一致性和结构效度的研究。
Development of a Vitality Scan related to workers' sustainable employability: a study assessing its internal consistency and construct validity.
作者信息
Brouwers Livia A M, Engels Josephine A, Heerkens Yvonne F, van der Beek Allard J
机构信息
Research Group Occupation and Health, HAN University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 6960, 6503 GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2015 Jun 16;15:551. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-1894-z.
BACKGROUND
Most validated sustainable employability questionnaires are extensive and difficult to obtain. Our objective was to develop a usable and valid tool, a Vitality Scan, to determine possible signs of stagnation in one's functioning related to sustainable employability and to establish the instrument's internal consistency and construct validity.
METHODS
A literature review was performed and expert input was obtained to develop an online survey of 31 items. A sample of 1722 Dutch employees was recruited. Internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach's alpha. The underlying theoretical concepts were extracted by factor analysis using a principal component method. For construct validity, a priori hypotheses were defined for expected differences between known subgroups: 1) older workers would report more stagnation than younger workers, and 2) less educated workers would report more problems than the highly educated ones. Both hypotheses were statistically tested using ANOVA.
RESULTS
Internal consistency measures and factor analysis resulted in five subscales with acceptable to good reliability (Cronbach's alpha 0.72-0.87). These subscales included: balance and competence, motivation and involvement, resilience, mental and physical health, and social support at work. Three items were removed following these analyses. In accordance with our a priori hypothesis 1, the ANOVA showed that older workers reported the most problems, while younger workers reported the least problems. However, hypothesis 2 was not confirmed: no significant differences were found for education level.
CONCLUSIONS
The developed Vitality Scan - with the 28 remaining items - showed good measurement properties. It is applicable as a user-friendly, evaluative instrument for worker's sustainable employability. The scan's value for determining whether or not the employee is at risk for a decrease in functioning during present and future work, should be further tested.
背景
大多数经过验证的可持续就业能力调查问卷内容广泛且难以获取。我们的目标是开发一种实用且有效的工具——活力扫描，以确定与可持续就业能力相关的个人功能停滞的可能迹象，并建立该工具的内部一致性和结构效度。
方法
进行了文献综述并获得专家意见，以开发一份包含31个项目的在线调查问卷。招募了1722名荷兰员工作为样本。通过克朗巴哈系数评估内部一致性。使用主成分法通过因子分析提取潜在的理论概念。对于结构效度，为已知亚组之间的预期差异定义了先验假设：1）年长员工报告的停滞情况比年轻员工更多；2）受教育程度较低的员工报告的问题比高学历员工更多。使用方差分析对这两个假设进行了统计检验。
结果
内部一致性测量和因子分析产生了五个子量表，可靠性从可接受到良好（克朗巴哈系数为0.72 - 0.87）。这些子量表包括：平衡与能力、动机与参与、恢复力、身心健康以及工作中的社会支持。经过这些分析后删除了三个项目。根据我们的先验假设1，方差分析表明年长员工报告的问题最多，而年轻员工报告的问题最少。然而，假设2未得到证实：未发现教育水平存在显著差异。
结论
开发的活力扫描（剩余28个项目）显示出良好的测量特性。它可作为一种用户友好的评估工具，用于评估员工的可持续就业能力。该扫描对于确定员工在当前和未来工作中功能是否有下降风险的价值，应进一步进行测试。
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