Song Yi, Hu Pei-jin, Zhang Bing, Ma Jun
Department of Child, Adolescent and Women's Health, Peking University School of Public Health; Institute of Child and Adolescent Health of Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2015 Jun 18;47(3):414-9.
To analyze the secular trends of height among Chinese students aged 17 in different ethnic minorities from 1985 to 2010.
A total of 18 Chinese ethnic minorities' students, including Mongolian, Hui, Uygur, Zhuang, Korean, Tibetan, Miao, Buyi, Dong, Bai, Tujia, Hani, Dai, Lisu, Wa, Nakhi, Tu and Qiang as subjects were sampled from the 1985, 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010 Chinese National Surveys on Students' Constitution and Health. The heights of 17 years old people by gender in various ethnic minorities were analyzed and compared.
From 1985 to 2010, the increments of adult heights increased significantly in many ethnic minorities' boys. In 2010, the average height of boys aged 17 years in each minority group was higher than 162 cm and was higher than 170 cm among boys from Hui, Mongolian and Korean groups. The ethnics with height growth rates of more than 2 cm per decade in boys were Hui (2.64 cm/decade) and Dong (2.05 cm/decade) and the ethnics with height growth rates of more than 1 cm per decade were Korean (1.99 cm/decade), Tibetan (1.90 cm/decade), Hani (1.80 cm/decade) and the other 9 minority groups. The average height of girls aged 17 years in each minority group was higher than 150 cm in 2010. The heights showed an upward trend in 15 minority groups, but with different degrees. The ethnics with height growth rates of more than 1 cm per decade were Hui (1.56 cm/decade) and Korean (1.29 cm/decade). The increments that were significant between 1985 and 2010 were Hui (3.89 cm), Korean (3.23 cm), Dong (2.35 cm) and the other 6 minority groups (P<0.05).
Our data suggest that the increments of adult heights may reflect the secular growth change in the major minority groups during the past 25 years, but there was an obvious disequilibrium among various ethnic minorities. We should pay more attention to the minority groups with poor growth and give them more help. Meanwhile, we should also pay attention to the negative effects of the secular growth trend on those minority groups with fast increasing adult height.
分析1985年至2010年不同少数民族17岁中国学生身高的长期变化趋势。
从1985年、1995年、2000年、2005年和2010年中国学生体质与健康调研中抽取18个中国少数民族学生作为研究对象，包括蒙古族、回族、维吾尔族、壮族、朝鲜族、藏族、苗族、布依族、侗族、白族、土家族、哈尼族、傣族、傈僳族、佤族、纳西族、土族和羌族。分析并比较各少数民族17岁人群按性别的身高情况。
1985年至2010年，许多少数民族男孩的成人身高增幅显著。2010年，各少数民族17岁男孩的平均身高均高于162厘米，回族、蒙古族和朝鲜族男孩的平均身高高于170厘米。男孩身高增长率每十年超过2厘米的民族有回族（2.64厘米/十年）和侗族（2.05厘米/十年），身高增长率每十年超过1厘米的民族有朝鲜族（1.99厘米/十年）、藏族（1.90厘米/十年）、哈尼族（1.80厘米/十年）和其他9个少数民族。2010年各少数民族17岁女孩的平均身高均高于150厘米。15个少数民族的身高呈上升趋势，但程度不同。身高增长率每十年超过1厘米的民族有回族（1.56厘米/十年）和朝鲜族（1.29厘米/十年）。1985年至2010年身高增幅显著的有回族（3.89厘米）、朝鲜族（3.23厘米）、侗族（2.35厘米）和其他6个少数民族（P<0.05）。
我们的数据表明，成人身高的增幅可能反映了过去25年主要少数民族群体的长期生长变化，但各少数民族之间存在明显的不均衡。我们应更多关注生长较差的少数民族群体并给予他们更多帮助。同时，我们也应关注长期生长趋势对成人身高增长迅速的少数民族群体的负面影响。
