Markham Kelly A, Alper Hal S
McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and.
Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng. 2015;6:35-52. doi: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-061114-123303. Epub 2015 Jan 30.
In this review, we address recent advances in the field of synthetic biology and describe how those tools have been applied to produce a wide variety of chemicals in microorganisms. Here we classify the expansion of the synthetic biology toolbox into three different categories based on their primary function in strain engineering-for design, for construction, and for optimization. Next, focusing on recent years, we look at how chemicals have been produced using these new synthetic biology tools. Advances in producing fuels are briefly described, followed by a more thorough treatment of commodity chemicals, specialty chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceuticals. Throughout this review, an emphasis is placed on how synthetic biology tools are applied to strain engineering. Finally, we discuss organism and host strain diversity and provide a future outlook in the field.
在本综述中，我们阐述了合成生物学领域的最新进展，并描述了这些工具如何应用于在微生物中生产各种各样的化学品。在此，我们根据合成生物学工具箱在菌株工程中的主要功能，将其扩展分为三类——用于设计、用于构建和用于优化。接下来，着眼于近年来的情况，我们探讨了如何使用这些新的合成生物学工具来生产化学品。简要描述了在生产燃料方面的进展，随后更深入地探讨了大宗化学品、特种化学品、药物和营养保健品。在本综述中，重点在于合成生物学工具如何应用于菌株工程。最后，我们讨论了生物体和宿主菌株的多样性，并展望了该领域的未来。
