Lövenhag Sara, Larm Peter, Åslund Cecilia, Nilsson Kent W
Centre for Clinical Research, Västerås Hospital, Västerås, Sweden.
Scand J Psychol. 2015 Oct;56(5):489-97. doi: 10.1111/sjop.12234. Epub 2015 Jun 11.
The aim of this study was to investigate possible effects of antisocial behavior on reducing the association between subdimensions of ADHD symptoms (inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity) and alcohol use. Boys and girls were analyzed separately using a population-based Swedish adolescent sample. A randomly selected cross-sectional survey was performed in secondary and upper secondary schools in Västmanland County during 2010. Participants were a population of 2,439 15-16 year-olds and 1,425 17-18 year-olds (1,947 girls and 1,917 boys). Psychosocial adversity, antisocial behaviors, symptoms of ADHD and alcohol use were assessed by questionnaires. Except for girls' inattention, subdimensions of ADHD symptoms were not associated with alcohol use when variance due to antisocial behavior was accounted for. Among boys, instead of an indirect effect of antisocial behavior on the association between impulsivity and alcohol use, a moderating effect was found. Among girls, the inattention component of ADHD was independently associated with alcohol use even when adjusted for antisocial behavior. The reduced associations between symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and alcohol use for boys and girls after adjusting for antisocial behavior suggest a considerable overlap between hyperactivity, impulsivity, and antisocial behavior. The direct pathway between inattention and alcohol use among girls suggests that girls with inattention symptoms are at risk of alcohol use regardless of antisocial behavior. Special attention should be given to these girls. Accounting for antisocial behavior reduced the relation between subdimensions of ADHD symptoms and alcohol use, and antisocial behaviors should therefore be screened for when symptoms of ADHD are present.
本研究的目的是调查反社会行为对减少多动症症状（注意力不集中、多动和冲动）各子维度与饮酒之间关联的可能影响。使用基于瑞典青少年人群的样本分别对男孩和女孩进行分析。2010年在韦斯特曼兰县的初中和高中进行了随机抽取的横断面调查。参与者为2439名15 - 16岁青少年和1425名17 - 18岁青少年（1947名女孩和1917名男孩）。通过问卷调查评估心理社会逆境、反社会行为、多动症症状和饮酒情况。除了女孩的注意力不集中外，当考虑到反社会行为导致的方差时，多动症症状的各子维度与饮酒并无关联。在男孩中，未发现反社会行为对冲动与饮酒之间的关联有间接影响，而是发现了一种调节作用。在女孩中，即使在调整了反社会行为因素后，多动症的注意力不集中成分仍与饮酒独立相关。在调整了反社会行为因素后，男孩和女孩的多动、冲动症状与饮酒之间的关联减弱，这表明多动、冲动和反社会行为之间存在相当大的重叠。女孩中注意力不集中与饮酒之间的直接路径表明，有注意力不集中症状的女孩无论有无反社会行为都有饮酒风险。应特别关注这些女孩。考虑反社会行为后，多动症症状各子维度与饮酒之间的关系减弱，因此当出现多动症症状时应筛查反社会行为。
