了解中国老年人抑郁症状的城乡差异。
Understanding Rural-Urban Differences in Depressive Symptoms Among Older Adults in China.
作者信息
Li Lydia W, Liu Jinyu, Xu Hongwei, Zhang Zhenmei
机构信息
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
出版信息
J Aging Health. 2016 Mar;28(2):341-62. doi: 10.1177/0898264315591003. Epub 2015 Jun 22.
OBJECTIVE
Studies have reported that rural elders in China have higher levels of depression than their urban peers. We aimed to examine the extent to which four sets of factors (socioeconomic status [SES], health care access, health status, and social support and participation) account for such rural-urban differences.
METHOD
Cross-sectional data from the 2011 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were analyzed. A representative sample (N = 5,103) of older Chinese (age 60+) was included. Depressive symptoms were measured by the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10). Multilevel linear regression was conducted.
RESULTS
Rural elders had more depressive symptoms than urban elders. When SES at the individual, household, and community level was simultaneously controlled, the rural-urban difference lost its statistical significance. Health status, social support, and social participation accounted for some, whereas health care access explained almost none, of the rural-urban difference.
DISCUSSION
Results suggest that SES is the predominant factor accounting for the rural-urban depression gap in China.
目的
研究报告称，中国农村老年人的抑郁水平高于城市同龄人。我们旨在研究四组因素（社会经济地位[SES]、医疗保健可及性、健康状况以及社会支持与参与）在多大程度上解释了这种城乡差异。
方法
分析了2011年中国健康与养老追踪调查的横断面数据。纳入了具有代表性的中国老年人样本（N = 5103），年龄在60岁及以上。采用10项流行病学研究中心抑郁量表（CESD - 10）测量抑郁症状。进行了多层次线性回归分析。
结果
农村老年人比城市老年人有更多的抑郁症状。当同时控制个体、家庭和社区层面的社会经济地位时，城乡差异失去了统计学意义。健康状况、社会支持和社会参与解释了部分城乡差异，而医疗保健可及性几乎没有解释城乡差异。
讨论
结果表明，社会经济地位是解释中国城乡抑郁差距的主要因素。
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