哺乳动物的触觉赶上了。
Mammalian touch catches up.
作者信息
Walsh Carolyn M, Bautista Diana M, Lumpkin Ellen A
机构信息
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3200, USA.
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3200, USA.
出版信息
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2015 Oct;34:133-9. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2015.05.003. Epub 2015 Jun 19.
An assortment of touch receptors innervate the skin and encode different tactile features of the environment. Compared with invertebrate touch and other sensory systems, our understanding of the molecular and cellular underpinnings of mammalian touch lags behind. Two recent breakthroughs have accelerated progress. First, an arsenal of cell-type-specific molecular markers allowed the functional and anatomical properties of sensory neurons to be matched, thereby unraveling a cellular code for touch. Such markers have also revealed key roles of non-neuronal cell types, such as Merkel cells and keratinocytes, in touch reception. Second, the discovery of Piezo genes as a new family of mechanically activated channels has fueled the discovery of molecular mechanisms that mediate and mechanotransduction in mammalian touch receptors.
各种各样的触觉感受器分布于皮肤中，对环境的不同触觉特征进行编码。与无脊椎动物的触觉及其他感觉系统相比，我们对哺乳动物触觉的分子和细胞基础的了解较为滞后。最近的两项突破加速了这方面的进展。第一，一系列细胞类型特异性分子标记使得感觉神经元的功能和解剖学特性得以匹配，从而揭示了一种触觉细胞编码。这类标记还揭示了非神经元细胞类型，如默克尔细胞和角质形成细胞，在触觉感受中的关键作用。第二，Piezo基因作为一个新的机械激活通道家族的发现，推动了介导哺乳动物触觉感受器机械转导的分子机制的发现。
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