Wang Qian, Holst Jeff
Origins of Cancer Program, Centenary Institute Camperdown, Australia ; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney Australia.
Am J Cancer Res. 2015 Mar 15;5(4):1281-94. eCollection 2015.
The L-type amino acid transporter (LAT) family are Na(+)-independent transporters, which deliver neutral amino acids into cells. The four LATs, LAT1 (SLC7A5), LAT2 (SLC7A8), LAT3 (SLC43A1) and LAT4 (SLC43A2), are responsible for the majority of cellular leucine uptake. They show increased expression in many cancers, and are critical for control of protein translation and cell growth through the mTORC1 pathway. The increased transporter expression observed in cancers is regulated by transcriptional pathways such as hormone receptors, c-myc and nutrient starvation responses. We review the expression and function of the LAT family in cancer, as well as the recent development of specific inhibitors targeting LAT1 or LAT3. These LAT family inhibitors may be useful adjuvant therapeutics in multiple cancers.
L型氨基酸转运体（LAT）家族是不依赖钠离子的转运体，可将中性氨基酸转运至细胞内。四种LAT，即LAT1（SLC7A5）、LAT2（SLC7A8）、LAT3（SLC43A1）和LAT4（SLC43A2），负责细胞摄取大部分亮氨酸。它们在许多癌症中表达增加，并且通过mTORC1途径对控制蛋白质翻译和细胞生长至关重要。在癌症中观察到的转运体表达增加受激素受体、c-myc和营养饥饿反应等转录途径调控。我们综述了LAT家族在癌症中的表达和功能，以及靶向LAT1或LAT3的特异性抑制剂的最新进展。这些LAT家族抑制剂可能是多种癌症中有用的辅助治疗药物。
