Gafford G M, Ressler K J
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Neuroscience. 2016 May 3;321:108-120. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.06.019. Epub 2015 Jun 20.
Fear conditioning is a model system used to study threat responses, fear memory and their dysregulation in a variety of organisms. Newly developed tools such as optogenetics, Cre recombinase and DREADD technologies have allowed researchers to manipulate anatomically or molecularly defined cell subtypes with a high degree of temporal control and determine the effect of this manipulation on behavior. These targeted molecular techniques have opened up a new appreciation for the critical contributions different subpopulations of cells make to fear behavior and potentially to treatment of fear and anxiety disorders. Here we review progress to date across a variety of techniques to understand fear-related behavior through the manipulation of different cell subtypes within the amygdala.
恐惧条件反射是一种用于研究多种生物体中威胁反应、恐惧记忆及其失调的模型系统。光遗传学、Cre重组酶和DREADD技术等新开发的工具使研究人员能够在高度的时间控制下对解剖学或分子定义的细胞亚型进行操纵，并确定这种操纵对行为的影响。这些靶向分子技术让人们重新认识到不同细胞亚群对恐惧行为以及潜在的恐惧和焦虑症治疗所做出的关键贡献。在这里，我们回顾了迄今为止通过操纵杏仁核内不同细胞亚型来理解恐惧相关行为的各种技术的进展。
