Samsuddin Niza, Rampal Krishna Gopal, Ismail Noor Hassim, Abdullah Nor Zamzila, Nasreen Hashima E
Department of Biomedical Science, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia;
Perdana University Graduate School of Medicine, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia;
Am J Hypertens. 2016 Feb;29(2):226-33. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpv093. Epub 2015 Jun 25.
Research findings have linked exposure to pesticides to an increased risk of cardiovascular (CVS) diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the impact of chronic mix-pesticides exposure on CVS hemodynamic parameters.
A total of 198 male Malay pesticide-exposed and 195 male Malay nonexposed workers were examined. Data were collected through exposure-matrix assessment, questionnaire, blood analyses, and CVS assessment. Explanatory variables comprised of lipid profiles, paraoxonase 1 (PON1), and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). Outcome measures comprised of brachial and aortic diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and systolic BP (SBP), heart rate, and pulse wave velocity (PWV). Linear regressions identified the B coefficient showing how many units of CVS parameters are associated with each unit of covariates.
Diazoxonase was significantly lower and ox-LDL was higher among pesticide-exposed workers than the comparison group. The final multivariate linear regression model revealed that age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, and pesticide exposure were independent predictors of brachial and aortic DBP and SBP. Pesticide exposure was also associated with heart rate, but not with PWV. Lipid profiles, PON1 enzymes, and ox-LDL showed no association with any of the CVS parameters.
Chronic mix-pesticide exposure among workers involved in mosquito control has possible association with depression of diazoxonase and the increase in ox-LDL, brachial and aortic DBP and SBP, and heart rate. This study raises concerns that those using pesticides may be exposed to hitherto unrecognized CVS risks among others. If this is confirmed by further studies, greater efforts will be needed to protect these workers.
研究结果表明，接触农药会增加患心血管（CVS）疾病的风险。因此，本研究旨在评估长期接触混合农药对CVS血流动力学参数的影响。
共对198名接触农药的马来男性工人和195名未接触农药的马来男性工人进行了检查。通过接触矩阵评估、问卷调查、血液分析和CVS评估收集数据。解释变量包括血脂谱、对氧磷酶1（PON1）和氧化型低密度脂蛋白（ox-LDL）。结果指标包括肱动脉和主动脉舒张压（DBP）和收缩压（SBP）、心率和脉搏波速度（PWV）。线性回归确定了B系数，显示了CVS参数的每个单位与协变量的每个单位之间有多少关联。
与对照组相比，接触农药的工人中二嗪磷酶显著降低，ox-LDL更高。最终的多元线性回归模型显示，年龄、体重指数（BMI）、吸烟和农药接触是肱动脉和主动脉DBP及SBP的独立预测因素。农药接触也与心率有关，但与PWV无关。血脂谱、PON1酶和ox-LDL与任何CVS参数均无关联。
参与灭蚊工作的工人长期接触混合农药可能与二嗪磷酶降低、ox-LDL升高、肱动脉和主动脉DBP及SBP升高以及心率加快有关。本研究引发了人们对使用农药的人可能面临其他迄今未被认识到的CVS风险的担忧。如果进一步的研究证实了这一点，就需要做出更大的努力来保护这些工人。
