Kalies Kai-Uwe, Römisch Karin
Institute of Biology, CSCM, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology VIII, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Traffic. 2015 Oct;16(10):1027-38. doi: 10.1111/tra.12308. Epub 2015 Jul 27.
Protein translocation into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) constitutes the first step of protein secretion. ER protein import is essential in all eukaryotic cells and is particularly critical in fast-growing tumour cells. Thus, the process can serve as target both for potential cancer drugs and for bacterial virulence factors. Inhibitors of protein transport across the ER membrane range from broad-spectrum to highly substrate-specific and can interfere with virtually any stage of this multistep process, and even with transport of endocytosed antigens into the cytosol for cross-presentation.
蛋白质转运到内质网（ER）是蛋白质分泌的第一步。内质网蛋白质导入在所有真核细胞中都是必不可少的，在快速生长的肿瘤细胞中尤为关键。因此，这个过程既可以作为潜在抗癌药物的靶点，也可以作为细菌毒力因子的靶点。内质网膜蛋白转运抑制剂的范围从广谱到高度底物特异性，几乎可以干扰这个多步骤过程的任何阶段，甚至可以干扰内吞抗原转运到细胞质中进行交叉呈递。
