Yang Yang, Wu Fuyun, Zhou Xiaolin
Institute of Linguistics, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, 200083, China.
Center for Brain and Cognitive Sciences and Department of Psychology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China; Key Laboratory of Machine Perception and Key Laboratory of Computational Linguistics (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
PLoS One. 2015 Jun 30;10(6):e0131936. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131936. eCollection 2015.
The syntax-first model and the parallel/interactive models make different predictions regarding whether syntactic category processing has a temporal and functional primacy over semantic processing. To further resolve this issue, an event-related potential experiment was conducted on 24 Chinese speakers reading Chinese passive sentences with the passive marker BEI (NP1 + BEI + NP2 + Verb). This construction was selected because it is the most-commonly used Chinese passive and very much resembles German passives, upon which the syntax-first hypothesis was primarily based. We manipulated semantic consistency (consistent vs. inconsistent) and syntactic category (noun vs. verb) of the critical verb, yielding four conditions: CORRECT (correct sentences), SEMANTIC (semantic anomaly), SYNTACTIC (syntactic category anomaly), and COMBINED (combined anomalies). Results showed both N400 and P600 effects for sentences with semantic anomaly, with syntactic category anomaly, or with combined anomalies. Converging with recent findings of Chinese ERP studies on various constructions, our study provides further evidence that syntactic category processing does not precede semantic processing in reading Chinese.
句法优先模型和平行/交互模型对于句法范畴加工在时间和功能上是否优先于语义加工做出了不同的预测。为了进一步解决这个问题，我们对24名说中文的人进行了一项事件相关电位实验，他们阅读带有被动标记“被”（NP1 + 被 + NP2 + 动词）的中文被动句。选择这种结构是因为它是最常用的中文被动结构，并且与德语被动句非常相似，而句法优先假设主要就是基于德语被动句。我们操纵了关键动词的语义一致性（一致与不一致）和句法范畴（名词与动词），产生了四种条件：正确（正确句子）、语义（语义异常）、句法（句法范畴异常）和组合（组合异常）。结果显示，对于存在语义异常、句法范畴异常或组合异常的句子，都出现了N400和P600效应。与近期关于各种结构的中文ERP研究结果一致，我们的研究进一步证明，在阅读中文时，句法范畴加工并不先于语义加工。
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