Moravec Frantisek, Scholz Tomas
Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
Folia Parasitol (Praha). 2015 Jun 30;62:2015.033. doi: 10.14411/fp.2015.033.
This paper summarises the results of parasitological examinations of the European eel Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus) in the Czech Republic, carried out at the Institute of Parasitology, Czech Academy of Sciences (previously the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences) within the period of 50 years (1958-2008). Even though this survey is limited to the Czech Republic, it provides extensive data probably incomparable with any other study anywhere regarding the number of eels examined and parasites found. A total of 723 eels was examined from 42 localities that belong to all of the three main river drainage systems in the country, i.e. the Elbe, Danube and Oder river basins. Of the 31 species of adult and larval macroparasites including Monogenea (4 species), Trematoda (3), Cestoda (3), Nematoda (11), Acanthocephala (5), Hirudinea (1), Bivalvia (1), Copepoda (1), Branchiura (1) and Acariformes (1), most of them (30) were recorded from the Elbe River basin. These parasites can be divided into three main groups regarding their host specificity: parasites specific for eels (26%), non-specific adult parasites occurring also in other fishes (61%) and non-specific larvae (13%). The highest number (19) of parasite species was recorded in the Mácha Lake fishpond system in northern Bohemia. The parasite communities in eels from the individual localities exhibited large differences in their species composition and diversity depending on local ecological conditions. The parasite fauna of A. anguilla in the Czech Republic is compared with that in other European countries. The nematode Cucullanus egyptae Abdel-Ghaffar, Bashtar, Abdel-Gaber, Morsy, Mehlhorn, Al Quraishy et Mohammed, 2014 is designated as a species inquirenda.
本文总结了捷克科学院寄生虫学研究所（前身为捷克斯洛伐克科学院）在50年（1958 - 2008年）期间对欧洲鳗鲡Anguilla anguilla（林奈）进行的寄生虫学检查结果。尽管这项调查仅限于捷克共和国，但就所检查的鳗鱼数量和发现的寄生虫而言，它提供了可能与世界上任何其他研究都无可比拟的广泛数据。总共从该国三个主要河流排水系统（即易北河、多瑙河和奥得河流域）所属的42个地点检查了723条鳗鱼。在包括单殖吸虫（4种）、吸虫（3种）、绦虫（3种）、线虫（11种）、棘头虫（5种）、蛭纲（1种）、双壳纲（1种）、桡足纲（1种）、鳃尾纲（1种）和螨形纲（1种）在内的31种成虫和幼虫大型寄生虫中，大多数（30种）记录于易北河流域。根据宿主特异性，这些寄生虫可分为三大类：鳗鱼特异性寄生虫（26%）、也存在于其他鱼类中的非特异性成虫寄生虫（61%）和非特异性幼虫（13%）。在波希米亚北部的马查湖鱼塘系统中记录到的寄生虫种类最多（19种）。根据当地生态条件，各个地点鳗鱼体内的寄生虫群落其物种组成和多样性存在很大差异。将捷克共和国鳗鲡的寄生虫区系与其他欧洲国家的进行了比较。线虫埃及库氏线虫Cucullanus egyptae Abdel - Ghaffar, Bashtar, Abdel - Gaber, Morsy, Mehlhorn, Al Quraishy et Mohammed, 2014被指定为待定物种。
