Mogre Victor, Nyaba Rauf, Aleyira Samuel, Sam Napoleon B
Department of Human Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, P.O. Box TL 1883, Tamale, Ghana.
Department of Allied Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, P.O. Box TL 1883, Tamale, Ghana.
Springerplus. 2015 May 15;4:226. doi: 10.1186/s40064-015-0999-2. eCollection 2015.
Obesity has become a disease of global public health concern in both developing and developed countries. We investigated the influence of socio-demographic, dietary habits and physical activity levels on general and abdominal obesity among a sample of university students in Ghana.
This cross-sectional study was carried out among a sample of 552 students attending the University for Development Studies, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tamale, Ghana. Demographic characteristics were assessed using questionnaire. Dietary habits were measured by means of food frequency questionnaires. Anthropometric measurements were done using appropriate methods. Physical activity levels were measured using the World Health Organization (WHO) global physical activity questionnaire. Spearman's nonparametric correlation coefficient and multinomial logistic regression analysis were used to investigate the determinants of general and abdominal obesity.
The prevalence of general overweight/obesity (25.8 % vs. 5.9 %) and abdominal obesity (40.9 % vs. 0.8 %) was higher in female students than in male students. General overweight/obesity was less likely in students who engaged in vigorous physical activity (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 0.3, 95 % CI = 0.1 - 0.7, p = 0.004), but more likely in students who consumed fruits and vegetables > 3 days per week (AOR = 2.6, 95 % CI = 1.2 - 5.4, p = 0.015). Abdominal obesity was also less likely in male students (AOR = 0.0, 95 % CI = 0.0 - 0.5, p = 0.017) but more likely in students who consumed roots and tubers > 3 times per week (AOR = 8.0, 95 % CI = 2.2 - 10.1, p = 0.017) and in those who consumed alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages > 3 times per week (AOR = 8.2, 95 % CI = 2.2 - 31.1, p = 0.002).
Demographic factors, dietary habits and physical activity levels were found to be associated to general overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity. General overweight/obesity was associated to the consumption of fruits and vegetables > 3 times a week. The consumption of roots and tubers > 3 times per week and alcoholic and non-alcohol beverages > 3 times a week was associated to abdominal obesity. Engagement in vigorous physical activity and being male were negatively associated to general overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity respectively. Promotion of active lifestyles in young adults should be encouraged.
肥胖已成为发展中国家和发达国家都关注的全球公共卫生疾病。我们调查了社会人口统计学、饮食习惯和身体活动水平对加纳大学生样本中全身肥胖和腹部肥胖的影响。
这项横断面研究是在加纳塔马利发展研究大学医学院和健康科学学院的552名学生样本中进行的。使用问卷评估人口统计学特征。通过食物频率问卷测量饮食习惯。使用适当方法进行人体测量。使用世界卫生组织（WHO）全球身体活动问卷测量身体活动水平。采用Spearman非参数相关系数和多项逻辑回归分析来研究全身肥胖和腹部肥胖的决定因素。
女学生中全身超重/肥胖（25.8%对5.9%）和腹部肥胖（40.9%对0.8%）的患病率高于男学生。进行剧烈身体活动的学生全身超重/肥胖的可能性较小（调整优势比（AOR）=0.3，95%置信区间（CI）=0.1 - 0.7，p = 0.004），但每周食用水果和蔬菜超过3天的学生更有可能（AOR = 2.6，95% CI = 1.2 - 5.4，p = 0.015）。腹部肥胖在男学生中也不太可能（AOR = 0.0，95% CI = 0.0 - 0.5，p = 0.017），但每周食用块根和块茎超过3次的学生更有可能（AOR = 8.0，95% CI = 2.2 - 10.1，p = 0.017），以及每周饮用酒精和非酒精饮料超过3次的学生（AOR = 8.2，95% CI = 2.2 - 31.1，p = 0.002）。
发现人口统计学因素、饮食习惯和身体活动水平与全身超重/肥胖和腹部肥胖有关。全身超重/肥胖与每周食用水果和蔬菜超过3次有关。每周食用块根和块茎超过3次以及每周饮用酒精和非酒精饮料超过3次与腹部肥胖有关。进行剧烈身体活动和男性分别与全身超重/肥胖和腹部肥胖呈负相关。应鼓励在年轻人中推广积极的生活方式。
