Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (Unisinos), São Leopoldo, RS, Brasil.
Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Rio Verde (UniRV), Rio Verde, GO, Brasil.
Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2023 Mar 30;67(3):416-426. doi: 10.20945/2359-3997000000602. Epub 2023 Feb 7.
Obesity is an important factor for cardiovascular and metabolic events. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of overweight/obesity and the associated factors among healthcare university students.
A cross-sectional university-based study of 2,245 healthcare university students in the Midwest region of Brazil was conducted in 2018. Overweight and obesity were defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m and BMI ≥ 30 kg/m, respectively. Demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, family and comorbidities characteristics were investigated. Poisson regression was used for the multivariable analysis. All analysis was stratified by sex.
The mean age of the sample was 22.7 years (standard deviation = 4.1) and 69.5% of the students was female. The prevalence of overweight and obesity were 13.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 12.2- 15.6) and 4% (95% CI: 3.0-4.9) for women and 34.5% (95% CI: 30.9-38.1) and 11.3% (95% CI: 8.9-13.6) for men, respectively. After multivariate adjustment, the prevalence of overweight/obesity was at least 70% higher in female students aged 24 years or older (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.73; 95% CI: 1.24-2.41) and those who smoke (PR = 1.95; 95% CI: 1.66-3.02). Additionally, female students with a family history of obesity (PR = 2.01; 95% CI: 1.46-2.77) or with two or three comorbidities (PR = 2.09; 95% CI: 1.43-3.04) exhibited a significantly higher probability for overweight/obesity. Similar findings were observed in male students, but with smaller effect sizes.
This study revealed a high prevalence of overweight/obesity among healthcare university students, especially in men. It was related to the socio-demographic and family characteristics rather than behavioral factors.
肥胖是心血管和代谢事件的一个重要因素。因此，本研究旨在评估中西部地区医科大学生超重/肥胖的流行率及其相关因素。
2018 年，在巴西中西部地区进行了一项基于大学的 2245 名医科大学生的横断面研究。超重和肥胖分别定义为体重指数（BMI）≥25kg/m 和 BMI≥30kg/m。调查了人口统计学、社会经济、行为、家庭和合并症特征。使用泊松回归进行多变量分析。所有分析均按性别分层。
样本的平均年龄为 22.7 岁（标准差=4.1），69.5%的学生为女性。女性超重和肥胖的患病率分别为 13.9%（95%置信区间[CI]：12.2-15.6）和 4%（95%CI：3.0-4.9），男性分别为 34.5%（95%CI：30.9-38.1）和 11.3%（95%CI：8.9-13.6）。经过多变量调整后，24 岁及以上的女性学生（患病率比[PR]为 1.73；95%CI：1.24-2.41）和吸烟的女性学生（PR 为 1.95；95%CI：1.66-3.02）超重/肥胖的患病率至少高出 70%。此外，有肥胖家族史（PR=2.01；95%CI：1.46-2.77）或合并两种或三种合并症（PR=2.09；95%CI：1.43-3.04）的女性学生超重/肥胖的可能性显著增加。男性学生也观察到类似的发现，但影响幅度较小。
本研究显示医科大学生超重/肥胖的流行率较高，尤其是男性。这与社会人口学和家庭特征有关，而与行为因素无关。
