Yen Sophia, Parmar Deepika D, Lin Emily L, Ammerman Seth
Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University Medical School, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford, Mountain View, California.
University of Missouri School of Medicine, One Hospital Drive, Columbia, Missouri.
J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2015 Oct;28(5):337-42. doi: 10.1016/j.jpag.2014.09.018. Epub 2014 Oct 8.
To determine the awareness of, access to, and knowledge of the proper use of emergency contraception pills (ECPs) among uninsured adolescents.
Anonymous surveys were used to assess awareness of, knowledge of, and access to ECPs.
From 2010 to 2012 at mobile primary care clinic in the San Francisco Bay Area.
Patients were uninsured adolescents aged 13 to 25; 40% of the participants were currently or had been homeless in the past year. Ethnicity was 50% Asian, 22% Hispanic, 17% Pacific Islanders, 5.5% white, and 5.5% other/mixed ethnicity.
Post survey completion, patients received one-on-one 15-minute dedicated ECP education.
Awareness of, knowledge of, and access to ECPs.
Of the study population of 439, 30% of the participants were 13-16 years old and 70% were 17-25 years old (mean age 17.8 years); 66% were women. Young women (86%) reported higher rates of "hearing about emergency contraception" than did young men (70%) (P < .0001). Many incorrectly identified or were uncertain if ECPs were an abortion pill (40%) or could be used as regular birth control (40%) or to prevent sexually transmitted infections (19%). Only 40% of women and 43% of men aged 17 and older correctly answered that they could obtain EC over the counter; 72% did not know that males could receive EC for use by their partner; 12% incorrectly selected that infertility was a side effect; 44% were under the false impression that EC had to be taken within 1 day of unprotected sex.
Uninsured adolescents have high rates of ECP awareness but low ECP knowledge. These adolescents need more ECP education to alleviate misconceptions and increase practical knowledge, specifically, education about male access, side effects, over-the-counter availability for young men and women, and the 120-hour window of use.
确定未参保青少年对紧急避孕药（ECP）的知晓情况、获取途径以及正确使用的知识。
采用匿名调查来评估对紧急避孕药的知晓情况、知识掌握程度和获取途径。
2010年至2012年期间，在旧金山湾区的流动初级保健诊所。
患者为13至25岁的未参保青少年；40%的参与者目前或在过去一年中曾无家可归。种族构成方面，50%为亚裔，22%为西班牙裔，17%为太平洋岛民，5.5%为白人，5.5%为其他/混合种族。
调查完成后，患者接受了15分钟的一对一紧急避孕药专项教育。
对紧急避孕药的知晓情况、知识掌握程度和获取途径。
在439名研究对象中，30%的参与者年龄在13至16岁之间，70%在17至25岁之间（平均年龄17.8岁）；66%为女性。年轻女性（86%）报告称“听说过紧急避孕”的比例高于年轻男性（70%）（P < .0001）。许多人错误地认定或不确定紧急避孕药是否为堕胎药（40%），或者能否用作常规避孕手段（40%）或预防性传播感染（19%）。17岁及以上的女性中只有40%、男性中只有43%正确回答可以非处方获取紧急避孕药；72%的人不知道男性可为其伴侣获取紧急避孕药；12%错误地选择不孕症是副作用之一；44%误以为紧急避孕药必须在无保护性行为后1天内服用。
未参保青少年对紧急避孕药的知晓率较高，但相关知识掌握不足。这些青少年需要更多紧急避孕药方面的教育，以消除误解并增加实用知识，特别是关于男性获取途径、副作用、年轻男女非处方获取情况以及120小时服用窗口期的教育。
