Departamento de Genética, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y de Montes, Edificio Gregor Mendel, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, CeiA3, 14071, Córdoba, Spain.
Wheat Chemistry and Quality Laboratory, Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico.
Theor Appl Genet. 2015 Nov;128(11):2155-65. doi: 10.1007/s00122-015-2574-1. Epub 2015 Jul 8.
A high level of genetic diversity was found in LMW-i genes from Triticum urartu, resulting in detection of 11 novel alleles. The variability detected could affect gluten quality. Low-molecular weight glutenin subunits are important in determining the viscoelastic properties of wheat dough. Triticum urartu Thum. ex Gandil., which is related to the A genome of polyploid wheat, has been shown as a good source of variation for these subunits. The present study evaluated the variability of LMW-i genes in this species. High polymorphism was found in the sequences analysed and resulted in the detection of 11 novel alleles, classified into two sets (Group-I and -II) showing unique SNPs and InDels. Both groups were associated with Glu-A3-1 genes from common wheat. In general, deduced proteins from Group-II genes possessed a higher proportion of glutamine and proline, which has been previously suggested to be related with good quality. Moreover, there were other changes compared to common wheat. This novel variation could affect dough quality. Additional epitopes for celiac disease were also detected, suggesting that these subunits could be highly reactive. The results showed that T. urartu could be an important source of genetic variability for LMW-i genes that could enlarge the genetic pool of modern wheat.
在来自节节麦的 LMW-i 基因中发现了高水平的遗传多样性，导致检测到 11 个新的等位基因。所检测到的变异性可能会影响面筋质量。低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基对面团的黏弹性性质有重要影响。与多倍体小麦的 A 基因组有关的节节麦被证明是这些亚基的良好变异来源。本研究评估了该物种中 LMW-i 基因的变异性。在分析的序列中发现了高度多态性，导致检测到 11 个新的等位基因，分为两组（I 组和 II 组），显示出独特的 SNPs 和 InDels。两组都与普通小麦的 Glu-A3-1 基因有关。一般来说，来自 II 组的推断蛋白含有更高比例的谷氨酰胺和脯氨酸，这之前被认为与良好的质量有关。此外，与普通小麦相比，还有其他变化。这种新的变异可能会影响面团质量。还检测到了乳糜泻的其他抗原表位，表明这些亚基可能具有高度反应性。结果表明，节节麦可能是 LMW-i 基因遗传变异的重要来源，这可能会扩大现代小麦的遗传基础。
