Panahi Yunes, Azizi Taghi, Moghadam Mohammad-Reza-Sadeghi, Amin Golshah, Parvin Shahram, Sahebkar Amirhossein
Chemical Injuries Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Clin Exp Dent. 2015 Apr 1;7(2):e192-6. doi: 10.4317/jced.52112. eCollection 2015 Apr.
Sulfur mustard (SM) is a chemical warfare agent that has been repeatedly used since World War I. SM has chronic and deleterious effects on different body organs such as lungs, skin and eyes.
To determine dental and oral health status of chemical victims of SM who were exposed to SM during the Iraqi-Iran war.
In this case-control study, 100 male subjects exposed to SM were chosen as cases, and 100 non-exposed volunteers were chosen as controls. These groups were selected randomly according to their referral number, and were matched regarding age. Collection of information was performed using Oral Health Assessment Form designed by the World Health Organization. Quantitative and qualitative data were compared between the groups using independent samples t-test and Chi-square test, respectively.
There was a significant difference between the case and control groups with respect to the frequencies of oral candidiasis, pharyngeal erythema and/or hyperplasia, hairy tongue and reflux disease, being higher in the former group. There was also a positive association between the frequency of candidiasis and the percentage of disability; pharyngeal erythema and/or hyperplasia and use of salmeterol spray; and between hairy tongue and antibiotic use in the case group.
Exposure to SM and the use of drugs for controlling long-term complications does not increase the risk of tooth decay, tooth loss, and intra and/or extra oral lesions in patients, but may be associated with increased incidence of oral candidiasis, pharyngeal erythema and/or hyperplasia, hairy tongue and reflux disease.samples of oral precancerous and cancerous lesions to test sensitivity and specificity and thus validate the clinical applicability of fluorescence imaging in (pre)cancerous diagnostics. Key words:Sulfur mustard, oral health, candidiasis.
芥子气（SM）是一种化学战剂，自第一次世界大战以来被反复使用。芥子气对肺部、皮肤和眼睛等不同身体器官具有慢性和有害影响。
确定在两伊战争期间接触芥子气的化学战受害者的牙齿和口腔健康状况。
在这项病例对照研究中，选择100名接触芥子气的男性受试者作为病例组，100名未接触的志愿者作为对照组。这些组根据其转诊编号随机选择，并按年龄进行匹配。使用世界卫生组织设计的口腔健康评估表收集信息。分别使用独立样本t检验和卡方检验比较两组之间的定量和定性数据。
病例组和对照组在口腔念珠菌病、咽部红斑和/或增生、毛舌和反流性疾病的发生率方面存在显著差异，前者发生率更高。病例组中，念珠菌病发生率与残疾百分比之间、咽部红斑和/或增生与使用沙美特罗喷雾剂之间、毛舌与使用抗生素之间也存在正相关。
接触芥子气以及使用药物控制长期并发症不会增加患者龋齿、牙齿脱落以及口腔内和/或口腔外病变的风险，但可能与口腔念珠菌病、咽部红斑和/或增生、毛舌和反流性疾病的发生率增加有关。口腔癌前病变和癌性病变样本以测试敏感性和特异性，从而验证荧光成像在（癌前）癌症诊断中的临床适用性。关键词：芥子气、口腔健康、念珠菌病。
