Axelrod David A, Vagefi Parsia A, Roberts John P
*Department of Surgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH †Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA ‡Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA.
Ann Surg. 2015 Aug;262(2):224-7. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000001340.
The liver transplant allocation system has evolved to a ranking system of “sickest-first” system based on objective criteria. Yet, organs continue to be distributed first within OPOs and regions that are largely based on historical practice patterns related to kidney transplantation and were never designed to minimize waitlist death or equalize opportunity for liver transplant. The current proposal is a move to enhance survival though the application of modern mathematical techniques to optimize liver distribution. Like MELDbased allocation, it will never be perfect and should be continually evaluated and revised. However, the disparity in access, which favors those residing in or able to travel to privileged areas, to the detriment of the patients dying on the list in underserved areas, is simply not defensible in 2015.
肝脏移植分配系统已演变为基于客观标准的“病情最重者优先”的排名系统。然而,器官仍首先在器官获取组织(OPO)和地区内分配,这在很大程度上基于与肾移植相关的历史实践模式,且从未旨在将等待名单上的死亡降至最低或使肝移植机会均等。当前的提议是通过应用现代数学技术来优化肝脏分配,以提高生存率。与基于终末期肝病模型(MELD)的分配一样,它永远不会完美,应持续进行评估和修订。然而,在2015年,这种获取机会的不平等,即有利于居住在特权地区或能够前往特权地区的人,却损害了服务不足地区在等待名单上死亡的患者的利益,是完全不合理的。