Stephens Haley F, Lynch Rebecca J, Kistner Janet A
Department of Psychology, Florida State University, 1107 W. Call Street, Box 207900, Tallahassee, FL, 32306-4301, USA.
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2016 Apr;47(2):305-16. doi: 10.1007/s10578-015-0567-6.
This study examined demographic and social competency characteristics of children who hold overly-positive self-perceptions of their social acceptance (positive bias). The effects of holding positive bias on aggressive and depressive symptoms were examined in a sample that excluded children on the extreme negative end of the bias continuum. Measures of peer-rated and self-perceived acceptance were obtained for 366 children in the 3rd through 5th grades. Peer-rated aggressive behavior and self-reported depressive symptoms were also collected. Results demonstrated sex, ethnicity, and social preference were uniquely associated with positive bias. Positive bias was related to aggression beyond the effects of social preference. Positive bias was not related to depressive symptoms. This study clarified who is likely to hold positive bias and replicated findings that suggest positive bias is a risk factor for aggressive outcomes. The idea that positive bias is neither a risk nor protective factor for depressive symptoms is discussed.
本研究考察了那些对自己的社会接纳持有过度积极自我认知（积极偏差）的儿童的人口统计学和社会能力特征。在一个排除了处于偏差连续体极端消极一端的儿童的样本中，研究了持有积极偏差对攻击性行为和抑郁症状的影响。对366名三至五年级的儿童进行了同伴评定和自我感知接纳度的测量。还收集了同伴评定的攻击性行为和自我报告的抑郁症状。结果表明，性别、种族和社会偏好与积极偏差存在独特关联。积极偏差与攻击性行为有关，且超出了社会偏好的影响。积极偏差与抑郁症状无关。本研究明确了哪些人可能持有积极偏差，并重复了相关研究结果，即积极偏差是攻击性行为结果的一个风险因素。同时还讨论了积极偏差既不是抑郁症状的风险因素也不是保护因素这一观点。
